| Selenium is one of the most important nutrient elements to life and it is distributed wildly but extremely unevenly on the earth. 2/3 of area in the world lacks selenium and so does in china, of which 1/3 is considered to be critically lack of selenium. Above 40 kinds of diseases and cancers are related to the lack of selenium and this seriously threat the health of human and the development of animal husbandry. The selenium content of intaken food determinate the nutritive level of selenium in human and poultry. Plant is the key link through which the ecological selenium and the inorganic selenium are converted into the organic selenium in the natural selenium cycle and it is also the most important direct selenium resource to boot the human and the poultry.Using many chemical, physiological and biochemical method with soil culture in pot, this article studied the selenium application on soybean from various aspects. Taking nature soybean of Enshi "zhongdou32" as sample, using atom absorption spectrometry to detect selenium, the author studied the following items in soybean: the trends of absorption, accumulation, distribution of selenium in soybean and the endurance ability of soybean with the selenium in the environment; the effect of different concentration selenium treatment on the growth and development, the accumulation of dry matter and selenium, producing and selenium content. According to the measurement on the activity of root system, GSH-Px, SOD, the content of GSH, lipid peroxide production, and the analyzing on the content of chlorophyll, water-soluble protein, Vc, this article studied the physiological function and exterior mechanism of selenium in organic body and its effect of resistance. By using fractional salting-out precipitation and column chromatography combining PAGE electrophoresis, the author managed to extract and separate the protein containing selenium from soybean seeds. The result indicated:The soybean could accumulate and positively absorb selenium in the environment even with high selenium content and thus made the selenium concentration higher than that of the environment. The accumulation became stronger with the plant development. The seleniumwas absorbed by the root system and transferred to different organ and accumulated there. The selenium contents in different organ increased with the maturity of the organ. In the harvest time, selenium content in different organ was root system > seed >leaves>stem. The most part of selenium absorbed by the plant was converted into organic selenium, about 3/5 of total selenium in soybean seeds was stored in protein. The biological effect of selenium on the soybean conforms to the general dose rule of microelement. Within proper selenium concentration, with the selenium concentration increasing, there were the following changes: the oxidation-reduction ability of root system and so did the content of chlorophyll, water-soluble, Vc; the activity of anti-oxidase such as GSH-Px and SOD etc increased. At the same time, GSH content also increased while lipid peroxide production MDA content decreased. In all, proper selenium concentration could improve the growth and development of soybean, made soybean keeping vigorous life activity, delayed decrepit, and enhanced the ability of anti-adversity. While high selenium concentration, it can change the above-mentioned items conversely. According to sieving on several separation measures, developed the method to extract the selenium-containing protein. This method provided the basis to the further purification the selenium-containing protein.According to the result and the work on the selenium in plant by the other researcher. The author concludes: Selenium is an essential microelement in plant and it should be used as micro manure to increase the production and improve quality in agriculture and husbandry. To ameliorate the ecological environment of selenium and increase the nutrient level of human and poultry, this method should be spread. Meanwhile the biological selenium resource in the are... |
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