Extraction Of Prorocentric Acid From Dandelion And Its Effects On Growth Performance And Blood Immune Index Of Calves

The objective of the present experiment was conducted to extract of chlorogenic acid from dandelion and its influence on growth properties and blood immune index of calf, in order to provided a theoretical basis for the future of the dandelion as a new type of immune promoter.(1) Extracting technology optimization of chlorogenic acid from dandelion.The optimal extracting technological condition for crude extract from dandelion(complete stool, leaf) was determined through simple factor design of experiment and orthogonal experimental design.(The extracting technology optimization of chlorogenic acid from dandelion is also determined in accordance with the experiments above).Five single factors are set as following: solid-to-liquid ratio(1:10、1:15、1:20、1:25), number of extraction times(1、2、3、4), extraction temperature(30、40、50、60、70、 80 ℃), ethanol concentration(25、35、45、55、65、75、85、95 %), extraction time(0.5、1、1.5、2、2.5、3 h). The five factors are set to determine the effect of each factor on the yield of chlorogenic acid of dandelion and appropriate range of parameters.Based on single factor experiment, L9(34) orthogonal table was used. Four factors and three levels are set, namely, solid-to-liquid ratio(1:10、1:15、1:20), number of times(1、2、3) of extraction, temperature(50 ℃、60 ℃、70 ℃), ethanol concentration(45 %、55 %、65 %),extraction time 1 h/per time. Orthogonal experiment was carried out to optimize the extracting technological parameter.Result of this experiment:1) The optimal extracting technological condition for chlorogenic acid from complete stool of dandelion is as following: scolid-to-liquid ratio 1:10, 3 times of extraction, extraction temperature 70 ℃, ethanol concentration 45 %.2) This experiment provides theoretical basis for the extraction and application of chlorogenic acid from dandelion(complete stool、leaf).(2) Calf Feeding ExperimentIn this experiment, crude extract from different parts of dandelion is added to the mature milk drunk by calves to research the influence of the crude extract on the growth performance andblood immune index of calf.In this experiment, single factor random design was used. 15 dairy calves of 3-day old with similar weight, size and health condition were selected to be evenly divided into 3 group, 5calves per group. Group 1 is control group A(normal saline 20 mL+ milk). Group 2 is experimental group B(crude extract from complete stool 20 mL+ mature milk). Group 3 is experimental group C(crude extract from leaf 20 mL+ mature milk). Extract used in experimental group B and C is prepared in accordance with the optimal extracting condition obtained in experiment I above. The preliminary trial period of the experiment is 3 days. The experimental period is 30 days. It turns out from the experiment that(1) there is no significant difference in term of weight, daily gain, feed-weight ratio and food consumption between experimental groups and the control group.(2) In 19-day old and 34-day old, there is no significant difference in body length, heart girth and cannon circumference between each group(P>0.05).(3) There is no significant difference in influence of dandelion extract on fecal index and diarrhea frequency.(4) There are significant differences in the influence of the crude extract of dandelion on blood index of calves(IL-4、IL-6、IL-10、IgA、IgG、IgM、IFN-γ). In 34-day old, there is no significant difference in IL-4 between each group(P>0.05).These test results show that, in calves fed normal milk add dandelion crude extract of calf growth performance had no effect, but in a certain extent enhances the immune function of calves. In order to provide a theoretical basis for the future of the dandelion as a new type of immune promoter.