Morphology Analysis Of Settlement And Traditional Residences In The East Of Shanxi Province

There are many of the traditional settlements protected in good condition in the Yellow River Basin, showing the rich and unique regional features. Traditional settlement is living carrier of dwelling and production. It is the basic sell of social structure and the development of cities, and it is also the root of city development memory and regional culture. According to the interior structure and exterior characters of it, the traditional study usually divided it into six parts, namely traditional residences in north of Shanxi, traditional residences in central of Shanxi, traditional residences in west of Shanxi, traditional residences in east of Shanxi, traditional residences in southeast of Shanxi, traditional residences in south of Shanxi. Affected by natural geographical environment and the cultural geographical environment, every part followed the conventional habit of building, showing a strong geographical feature.The Object of my study is Compact Community in east of Shanxi Province. Using the research methods of field surveys and theoretical analysis, this paper try to discuss the structure and layout of residential space, morphological characteristics of the settlement and residences, providing reference materials for the study of techniques and practices of traditional settlements planning in China.Firstly, the author analysis residential environment for the emergence and growth, as well as endemic, multi-cultural systems and the reasons for the formation of a characteristic Ming and Qing villages from the aspects of geographical and historical background, natural background, socio-cultural analysis in east of Shanxi province. Secondly, by deeply exploring morphology of settlement and traditional residences in east of Shanxi province, the article reveal its value as vernacular architecture fully. with regard to the settlement morphology, taking Dayangquan village, Dongzhai village, Xiaohe village for example, the author explain from the aspects of site selection, layout and texture the general characteristics and designing ideas of settlements in east of Shanxi province, and also enumerate three kinds of settlement with different characters: civilian-oriented military settlement, government official settlement, as well as widespread businessman settlement.On the traditional residential morphology, the residences in the east of Shanxi province have prominent geographical features and take quadrangle as the basic modules to constitute courtyards, which are various in forms and rich in space and among which the combination between principal cave dwellings and ridge rooms (can be translated into sloping roof house), as well as the structure of multi-level door are regard as unique. This paper discusses differences in dealing with details of basin residences and mountain residences Furthermore, this paper summarizes the principles of composition and design of traditional residences in the east of Shanxi province from four aspects:balanced and symmetrical, orderly, flexible and pragmatic, and living in the vicinity of well.Thirdly, the article also seeks the close relationship between the traditional residences in the east of Shanxi province and Chinese traditional culture represented by Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism from a creative point of macro and micro perspective.Lastly, based on the analysis above, the paper explore its protection and development, and put forward the opinion that reasonable using is effective protection.