Research On The Eco-environmental Impact Assessment Of Highway Construction Project And Case Study

The connotation of the eco-environmental impact assessment, evaluation principles, evaluation basis, evaluation scope, evaluation standards and evaluation points of the eco-environmental impact assessment were described in this paper. A highway construction project was utilized as a sample to analyze the eco-environmental situation investigation and evaluation methods. The eco-environmental impact prediction and evaluation method, the eco-environmental protection measures of highway construction project were also studied. To assess the eco-environment impacts of the highway construction project starting from Guangzhou to Heyuan(Guangzhou part) on the surroundings, situation investigation and impact prediction were performed in detail. Basing on the evaluation results, some practicable measures for eco-environmental protection was then put into practice.The highway construction project which starts from Guangzhou to Heyuan(Guangzhou part) is located northeast of Guangzhou City. The whole length of the highway is 84.489 km with 69.78km main line and 14.709km connecting line. Crops and plantations are the main vegetation along the line. The major phytocoenosis are agrophytocoenosium, eucalyptus community, Taiwan confusa community, Castanopsis kawakamii-Kuo Cryptocarya-Syzygium forest community, Castanopsis tibetana-China vertebra-South Syzygium community, Castanopsis hystrix-Schina superba-Cryptocarya chinensis, Cunninghamia lanceolata community, Pinus massoniana community, Lichees community, and Euphoria longan community.The results of the impact prediction showed that the project has a certain impact in agriculture, fisheries and farming. The reduction of woodland and biomass are about 170.23ha and 1787.4t, while the annual loss of grain, fishery and fruit are 1538.3t,462.1t and 786t, respectively. In the operation period of the project, nitrogen oxides exhausted by vehicle will be harmful to the vegetation along the line. In the ecological landscape, the mosaic type appears, the continuity of the ecological landscape of the district will be broken. Sewage generated by the project after preliminary treatment into the nearby river for farm, has very little effect on normal growth and reproduction of the fish and aquatic life. Through the adoption of optimal design, take land reclamation measure to the land destroyed by highway construction. Adopt vegetation reclamation and other engineering measures, so the ecology effect of the project will be less.