Studies On Temple Landscape Architecture And Plant Composition In Fuzhou

Fuzhou is a place with a great history on Buddhism. Due to the accumulation for hundreds of years, there are many famous temples preserved today. This paper focuses on these temples in Fuzhou, based on field investigation and data collection, a more comprehensive and systematic analysis was made for landscape architecture and planting design regarding the technique and experience, planting mode and means of artistic expression. Its main viewpoints include:I On the basis of the backgrounds on Buddhism and temples culture in Fuzhou, the author figured out the path of its history development, and analyzed the characteristics of less taboo, culture, intensive region features, mutual assimilation, inclusiveness and openness, and multiple functionalities characterizing the temples in Fuzhou.II Gradual analysis was made for site of selection, architectural groups layout, main buildings and details decoration of temple gardens in Fuzhou, also, lots of cases were introduced to demonstrate the characteristics of site selection, built according to mountain, on the top of the mountain, hidden in the cave, or near river or lakes; The architectural layout includes longitudinal-axial, yard style, corridor-style, dotted style and centralized style. Meanwhile, the author collected the values of studying old temple architectures preserved in Fuzhou: one is that these temples have a long history with varied categories, some the oldest temple that can be used as real basis for studying the architectural history in China, especially religious architectural history; two is that they are of peculiar architectural art. These temple buildings are very special, the combination of traditional Chinese styles and new innovation, including local folk beliefs, Taoism and architectural elements from western churches.III The study on selection and landscaping of plants shows that these temples in Fuzhou is of local features and less Buddhism, mostly renown for one or several landscape plant(s); rich urban cultures manifest the plants feature in Fuzhou while long ocean culture are reflected in local plants selection. Meanwhile, five planting modes such as specimen planting, grouping, clustering, forest planting and aquatics are elaborated regarding change and unity, contrast and complementation, motion and balance, fluctuation and rhythm, hierarchy and backgrounds, colors and seasonal appearance.In general this paper systematically analyzed, unscrambled and summarized temple architectures and plants landscaping in Fuzhou, in order to carry forward and develop this traditional wealth and in the hope of drawn lessons from them used as the basis for modern landscape design and creation. Also, the value of tourism in them may be further developed.