Study On The SaNi Nationality Settlement Pattern And Vernacular Architecture

The successful application for"World Natural Heritage"has made Stone Forest into a new stage in tourism culture industry. The conservation as well as exploitation and utilization of both tangible and intangible culture within Stone Forest area is further required. Sani's vernaeular architecture constitutes main part among the contents of the conservation, exploitation and utilization.Directed by the theories of Sciences of Human Settlement, Net Theory, Sustainability and other applicable theories, the settlement patterns and civilian houses architecture in Danuohei village are studied by the methods of combining literature material and on-site investigation, combining analysis and induction, and model method. Based on the survey and study done in Danuohei village, initial studying system of Sani's traditional settlement and civilian houses is established in Stone Forest area; the reasons forming the traditional settlement and the civilian houses in Stone Forest area are parsed; basic types,architectural factors and landscape features of Sani houses are concluded; the conservation and utilization models for Sani traditional settlement and architecture are analyzed.The forming of any residential patterns is not the result of a single factor, but the product of co-functioning between human factors (such as history, culture, religion etc.) and natural elements (such as topography, land, water, material, etc.). Settlement and architecture are the external reflection of human's lives, the tangible presentation and expression of nationality culture. Meanwhile, the climate conditions, structure forms and architectural materials promote form the reflection, making human find a habitation pattern appropriate to the environment. Different from other architectures, the traditional settlement and architectures of minority people are basically out of the local villagers and develop naturally. It's the external reflection of the natives'culture under a certain ideology as a result of the long-term harmonious co-existence between human and environment. The settlement patterns and its landscape are just the external reflection under the ideology of the simple"natural co-existence". The rich and colorful patterns and styles of the settlement and architecture are the result of multiple factors functioning together. In the area of Stone Forest, the special ethnic consciousness and nationality values producing from the traditional ethnic culture patterns and religious beliefs together with the region, topography, materials and water factors formed the special temperature of Sani. Danuohei village is located on the mountains and has a history of a hundred years. The ways of its location, grounding-choice, land use and adaptation to and modification of the topography are very splendid, and the advantages of its change from single building modeling to environment-adapting settlement are also unprecedented. Following the example of Danuohei civilian houses in this article, emphasis is put on the combination of the settlement, architecture and natural environment, human environment, the combination of conservation and utilization; a deep exploration to the Sani village layout and architectural patterns is accomplished. It's hoped that it will help with the study of the Sani traditional architecture.In recent years, the conservation of the historic-valued small towns and villages have become the focus of the international relics conservation. The Stone Forest scenic spot is now the world natural heritage and it makes the surrounding Sani civilian houses which have strong ethnic culture also become the object of the conservation and utilization. Explore and put forward an applicable and splendid conservation and utilization pattern will bring positive values to conserve and pass on the wonderful ethnic and region culture.Sani settlement and civilian houses directly reflect the inter-function among human, regional environment and social environments. Sani culture can be further explored through studying its civilian houses, and this can be of help in providing survey data and ecotourism development pattern for the settlement and architecture's conservation, utilization and renovation in Sani.