The Study On The Emergency Mechanism Of Importing Crude Oil In China

Energy is the lifeblood of the national economy, is an important guarantee of national economy development and influencing the improvement of national living level. International experience has shown that when a country's oil imports more than 50,000,000 tons, the international market changes will affect the country's economic performance; when the imports rise to more than 100,000,000 tons, the state requires, including diplomatic, military, economic and other effective measures have to be carried on to ensure oil security. Since reform and opening up, China's economic development rapidly, oil demand is also increasing, in 1993 China became a net importer of oil, in 1996 China became a net importer of crude oil, in 2007, China's apparent consumption of crude oil was 345 million tons and crude oil production was 186,000,000 tons, the net import volume is 1.59 million tons. With the rapid economic development and slow development of the remaining recoverable oil reserves, China's crude oil import dependence will rise.Because of the pipeline and land transport limitations, China's crude oil imports almost all through the maritime transport. Nowadays, due to the shortage of China's oil transport capacity, the share of the domestic oil transport accounted only about 10%, especially in the major routes the value is even less. This lead to the great risk of imports of crude oil to China by sea transport. In addition, crude oil transport routes exist, "the Malacca dilemma" which major impacted by the changes in the international political situation. Crude oil supply security, including security and transportation security. Because of the supply of crude oil resources is in foreign countries and our country can not control this factor; so the crude oil transportation safety is an important factor to guarantee the supply of crude oil in China. Establishing China's imports of crude oil transport emergency mechanism is of great significance to ensure the safety of China's crude oil, to ensure a sustained, rapid and healthy development. The paper analyzes the current situation of China's crude oil supply and demand, and forecasts the next 10 years crude oil supply and demand in China. Then studies on the crude oil's reserve and the import of crude oil transportation market which has many problems. Using fuzzy clustering analysis set up evaluation factors system, from the social perspective, to study three main ports in China's coastal regions which have 200,000 tons tanker berthing capacity to set up emergency logistics transport crude oil transit center. Mirroring the experience of the foreign country's energy supplies emergency response mechanism, this paper proposes valuable advice to establish response mechanism to emergency situation of China's crude oil supply.