Influence Of Topographty Feature And Traditional Residential Building Form On Natural Ventilation

Traditional residential building is one outstanding architectural form of accommodating climate and geographical environment. The way for its building reflects the ecological wisdom of local people for adjusting measures to local conditions. And we should learn from its valuable experience. According to the building natural ventilation, the effects of topographical features and building forms of traditional houses (Yueyang, Hunan) in winter and summer on natural ventilation were studied by Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). It revealed the residential building how to acclimatize to the rolling topography condition through the building distribution and building forms.In this paper, the combined research of locale investigation, testing and CFD was adopted. The model of the study was simplified by locale mapping of architectural forms and hilly hypsography. The boundary conditions of the model were confirmed by testing meteorological parameters in winter and summer, the wall temperature in summer, and the heat source of heating in winter. Eleven wind velocity points, inside and outside the building, were tested, which were compared with the simulated result to correct the model. The two step simulation method was adopted to overcome the problems by computer performance.The simulation results show that the topographical features have grate effects on the outdoor wind environment, the laneway wind velocity, indoor flow field and number of air changes. The building distribution is good for smaller outdoor wind velocity of the height of pedestrians in winter and smaller cold wind indoor penetration. But it has a certain negative effect on natural ventilation in summer. The courtyard and laneway of the building are good for natural ventilation in summer, which compensate for the negative effects caused by the building distribution. The open fashion of doors and windows of bilateral wing-rooms has negative effects on natural ventilation of the wing-room.Comparing the simulation and testing results, and analyzing the model, the proposed two step simulation method can be used to maintain the external and internal continuity of the model. And this model results tallies with testing results well. The appropriate improved model can be used to study the natural ventilation of big region in the complex boundary conditions.