| A healthy house refers to a house that allows residents to have a good psychological and physical experience and condition.The basic requirement is to maintain good air quality.In recent years,new high-rise residential buildings have developed rapidly in China.Despite the importance of improving the indoor air quality of residential buildings,with the improvement of the insulation performance and air-tightness of the housing envelope,the air quality has become the focus of the construction industry.Healthy housing has become an urgent need.The most healthy and effective way to maintain indoor air quality in residential buildings is natural ventilation.Studying indoor natural ventilation in high-rise residential buildings is of great significance for creating a healthy and green indoor living environment.This article summarizes the relevant research on natural ventilation design of domestic and foreign residences.At present,most of the research focuses on building density,plan layout,unit type,and window position design,aiming at the differences in the effects of climatic conditions and outdoor gradient wind on natural ventilation on different floors of high-rise residential buildings.Research is still insufficient.This paper takes Xi’an high-rise residential as the research object,combined with on-site investigation to get the common layout and exterior window style of high-rise residential in Xi’an area,through questionnaire survey and field test to get the indoor ventilation characteristics and existing problems of high-rise residential,using numerical simulation Analyze the different types of floor plans,the opening area of different external windows in the room,the relative position of the opening fans and the indoor natural ventilation conditions at different floor heights.According to the numerical simulation and on-site test results of indoor natural ventilation in high-rise residential buildings,1)The combination of slab-tower and tower-type high-rise planes with unfavorable ventilation in high-rise residential buildings accounts for 82%.Among all the floor plans,the ventilation of single-faced type located in the dominant wind direction of the tower-type high-rise residential building is always the worst,and the floor plan urgently needs natural ventilation to improve the design.2)The indoor ventilation of the unilaterally ventilated room is positively correlated with the opening area of the external window and the floor height.If the single-sided ventilation room is only considered to meet the indoor ventilation needs,the ratio of the window opening area to the floor area of the room must be 7% at3 F and below;5% at 9F and below;and only 2% at 9F and above.When performing natural ventilation design,the exterior window design of the apartment room can be improved according to the relevant energy-saving codes and the ventilation needs of different floors of high-rise residences.3)When the size and area of the air inlet of the residential unit are unchanged,whether the room air outlet is provided with a bay window or a balcony window,and the relative position of the opening fan has no significant effect on the indoor ventilation frequency and air age,and has an great effect on the distribution of indoor airflow.Compared with the centralized arrangement,the dispersing arrangement of the opening fan of the outer window can increase the distribution range of indoor airflow.Improve the design of the floor plan of the high-rise residential buildings with poor ventilation and the exterior windows of different floor heights to improve the indoor air quality.The use of fa?ade wind guide measures and the concave design of the building plane guide the air flow organization,promote internal ventilation,and improve indoor air quality.For high-rise residences with different floor heights,the window styles of different floor heights in the apartment rooms are optimized and improved to alleviate the problem of insufficient ventilation for low-floor residents and high floor residents. |
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