Research On The Planning And Design Of Urban Prevention Park

The pool of people to cities and the space concentration of productive forces was the inevitable trend of the human society's constant development and urbanization process. Meanwhile, disasters with extensive spatial distribution and diverse types had become one of major outstanding issues that social development can not be evaded.In the disasters such as Chicago fires in the United States and China's Tang Shan earthquake, urban parks play a role of asylum and evacuation, so we should learn from Japanese experience in disaster prevention and reduction and introduce the concept of"Prevention Park"in the process of urban space layout planning.In normal times Prevention Park was a place of entertainment and relaxation and exercise for residents,after disaster it started the function of disaster prevention at once. Then it became the city's major disaster buffer zone to prevent the fire from spreading, evacuated people and as a stronghold for repairing home and studying prevention knowledge. Its planning and construction improved urban services, as a symbol of social progress and civilization.According to the present situation of our cities, at first this paper analyzed urban disaster and behavioral characteristic when people scattering. On the basis of urban green planning of disaster prevention this paper mainly utilized some issues about the way to build urban Prevention Parks system, then discussed internal asylum space planning and asylum facilities'design in Prevention Park. The study of Prevention Parks system included layout, type, the service radius, scale, target requirements and so on. The asylum space in Prevention Park was constituted of refuge roads, refuge areas, underground air defense space and fire safety belts. The asylum facilities included an emergency command center; emergency helicopter's parking aprons, enough reserve space for emergency supplies, some emergency sanitation and anti-epidemic buildings and other infrastructure of water supply, electricity, telecommunications, energy and so on. In addition, the paper also made an attempt to analyze the compatibility between Prevention Park and the general park and to explore elements of landscape design in Prevention Park, to guide the Prevention Park's planning and construction.The Prevention Park was very important for socio-economic security and the safety of the people, while the Prevention Park's planning and construction involved urban planning, landscape, disaster management and other aspects. At last, the paper proposed that we should make legislation to regulate the management and use of Prevention Parks, to promote the establishment of Prevention Parks'security system and to ensure that Prevention Parks'practical use.