Study On Disaster-Prevention Space Planning Of Urban And Its Experience

The thesis is one important component of National Fifteenth Science & Technology Project "research on experimental unit about public safety of urban" (2002BA803B04).The capability of disaster-prevention of urban is the symbol weighing the whole function and safety of urban. For china in which city is extending rapidly, urban disaster is becoming focus of attention. However, past study on urban disaster is centralized in disaster management, emergency mechanism and hard ware construction, while is short of basal and technologic research, especially the urban disaster-prevention planning combined urban space. The urban disaster-prevention space is treated as the main content of urban plan in this paper, according to the basal information collected, the planning standard for every function unit of urban disaster-prevention space is integrated, the indices system used to evaluate the capability of disaster-prevention and emergency response of urban space is constructed, and the integration model of developing composite urban disaster-prevention space is formed. The research content and main achievements are as follows:1) The planning standard of every urban disaster-prevention space unit is given. The collocating rule of different rank of disaster-prevention space unit is regulated. The planning structure of urban disaster-prevention space is set up.2) The indices system of comprehensive urban disaster-prevention and emergency response capability is constructed, which contains quantitative indicators (like personnel and establishment distribution, service range) and qualitative indicators (like harmony capability). Then the weight of every index is confirmed by the analytic hierarchy process, and the evaluation model of comprehensive urban disaster-prevention and emergency response capability is established. The science support for urban disaster-prevention space planning is provided in the view of system theory.3) The underground space is looked as the main body of urban disaster-prevention space, and the method which can insure the usage of underground space is discussed. The vertical distribution of different function unit of urban disaster-prevention space is studied. Based on successional time and successional space, the integration system of disaster-prevention space is suggested. The arriving degree of disaster-prevention space node is also proposed. Then the integrated model is constructed so as to combine separated and fragmentized urban disaster-prevention space, which offers the reference to constructe comprehensive urban disaster-prevention space.4) On the research background of Changsha--the experimental unit in National Fifteenth Science & Technology Project "research on experimental unit about public safety of urban", the model of evaluating the capability of disaster-prevention and emergency responce is applied to Changsha, and the conclusion is reliable and practicable. The disaster environment and the resource of disaster-prevention space of Changsha have been collected broadly. The main disasters which should be paid attention are pointed out.5) The planning of disaster-prevention space for Changsha is completed actually for the first time, a newly domain of study on public safety of urban is exploited. Aimed at the shortcoming of disaster-prevention space of Changsha, the space resource for fire fighting, medical treatment, underground space etc. are planned on the whole, and the conformity suggestion about forming integrated disaster-prevention space is also put forward.