Ecological Ivestigation And The Study Of Preventive Measures Of Bird Strikes In Baita Airport Of Hohhot

From November 2004 to November 2005, we studied avifauna, composition,ecological distribution, community structure, migrant regularity and thecharacteristics of flocking bird species. The results showed that:(1) Avifauna and its characteristics: During the survey, 112 bird species wererecorded, belonging to 34 families 15 orders. The main part of avifauna isPalaearctic Realm, it also reflects the tranSitional characteristics that permeatedmutually between the part of Mongo-Xinjiang region and that of North-China region.We divided the airport into four areas which are named A, B, C and D according tothe different distance from the centre of Baita airport. 54 bird species were recorded inarea A. There were 21 summer migrant species, 21 resident species, 4 winter migrantspecies, 8 travelling species. 30 bird species were recorded in area B. There were 11resident species, 11 summer migrant species, 5 winter migrant species, 3 travellingspecies. 41 bird species were recorded in area C. There were 20 resident species, 14summer migrant species, 5 winter migrant species, 2 travelling species. 67 birdspecies were recorded in area D. There were 24 resident species, 27 summer migrantspecies, 8 winter migrant species, 8 travelling species.(2) Bird community structure and the biodiversity: The order of biodiversityindex is grassland＞swamp＞forest＞wasteland＞farmland＞village, while the prominenceindex is contrary, which is grassland＜swamp＜forest＜wasteland＜farmland＜village.The biodiversity index and prominence index represented a negative correlation. Thenwe can conclude that the bird community Structure of Baita airport is stable and even.(3)Migrant species and their migrant regularity: 80 migrant species are recorded,belonging to 13 orders, 30 families. There are 37 summer migrant species, accountingfor 46.25％of the whole migrant species; 30 travelling species, accounting for 37.5％;13 winter migrant species, accounting for 16.25％. The bird begin migrate in March and the migrant peak is form April to the first ten days of May. The migration inautumn always last a long time, which is from the last ten days of July to the first tendays of August. Then the number will increase gradually. After the last ten days ofSeptember, the migrant peak will appear at the first ten days of October, furthermore,this peak will last till the middle of November.(4) Progenitive species and nesting surrounding: There are 69 progenitivespecies during the survey, accounting for 61.61％of the total species we recorded; 32resident species, accounting for 46.38％. 13 winter migrant species, accounting for16.25％. 37 summer migrant species, accounting for 53.62％. The main nestingsurroundings in the research are water areas and its vicinity, forest, grassland, sparseforest, shrubs and caves.(5) larger and flocking species: The large species we recorded mainly belong toFalconiformes Anatidae, Anseriformes Accipitridae, Galliformes Phasianidea andCharadfiiformes Laridae, flocking avain mainly belong to Galliformes Phasianidea,Charadfiiformes Laridae and Sternidae, Columbiformes, Columbidae, ApodiformesApodidae, Passerriformes, Alaudidae, Hirundinidae, Motacillidae, Sturnidae,Corvidae, Passeridaee, Emberizidae and Frigillidae.(6) Determination of dangerous species rank: The determination of dangerousspecies is based on the important value of the species in different seasons, combiningthe factors of quantity, the scope of activity, flight height, living habitat, flockingbehavior, whether to cross the runway, the distance between the scope and routes oftaking-off and landing, also the comprehensive consideration of potential menace offlight safe. There are 14 the most dangerous species, 30 more dangerous bird species,46 dangerous danger species and 22 species are not dangerous. They respectivelyaccounts for 12.50％, 26.79％, 41.07％and 19.64％of the total birds in the research.The paper discussed the main environmental factors which affect birddistribution and the potential troubles leading to flight safe, such as food, water,habitat, progenitive area and so on. The bird drived-away tactics are put forwardcentered on strengthening turf management in flying area and environmentaladministration out of the flying area.