The Comprehensive Development Of Subway Station And Urban Design Research

Since the first subway of China was built in Beijing in 1965, subway transportation has become a very important method to solve the traffic problems of urban passenger transport in big cities. At one time, the design of subway station has transformed from simplex construction to comprehensive development and accordingly mix-used subway comprehensive entity will come into being.Subway station comprehensive development means: though the negotiation of urban design, the combination of urban planning and transportation planning, more kinds of urban functions (including transportation, commerce, office working, entertainment, inhabitation and etc.) are combined with the design, construction and development of the subway station, so that the effect of subway station comprehensive development on promoting the downtown area renovation and suburb development can be realized by utilizing the abundant stream of people, the traffic attainability, the abundant underground space capability and its corresponding regional advantages brought by subway station.As the new element in the development of the city, the subway station has great effect on promoting the city renovation and development. How to inspire more economic and social development by utilizing the method of comprehensive development from the beginning of the subway construction is the most important precondition and background to discuss the topic of subway station comprehensive development. On this basis, urban TOD theory, urban "pole-axis" spatial system theory, urban catalysts theory and the practical example at home and abroad of the comprehensive development of subway station fully demonstrate: it will help to realize the centralization of the urban functions, increase urban transportation efficiency, spatial conformity of different urban elements and the three-dimensional urban development by importing the new element—subway station to the urban spatial structure and by means of urban design which can control, inspire and guide the subsequent development.In Shanghai, one of the biggest cities in China, the development of subway station will become more complex. The comprehensive development of subway station will be a very important subway development pattern. On the basis of the analysis of the existing subway station in Shanghai, it is pointed out that: we should establish the monolithic design and comprehensive development concept, conform the traditional mono—development pattern dominated by government to joint development pattern, establish a uniform institution to assort with the different departments and enact relative law and policy to ensure the actualization of the joint development.Consequently it will be long target of subway comprehensive development to enlarge the spatial capability, increase the urban transportation efficiency, optimize urban structure and renovate urban environment.