Study On Assessment And Optimization Of Residential Hard Environment Quality In Anhui Province

Science of Human Settlements which was brought up in China in 1993, attracted great attention of scholars. Its theories have been gradually improved during practice and accumulation, but the quantitative methods and index system have not formed. The scope of study is most about cities and communities, and main methods are subjective evaluations and expost-project evaluation. With economic development and rapid urbanization, residential environment is facing some serious problems: environmental pollution, ecological degradation, poor infrastructure, uneven distribution of population and resources as well as other uncertainties hazards. It needs further study on residential environment, and provides theoretical basis for solving residential environment problems and improving quality of residents'life.Residential Environment includes two major aspects: residential hard environment and residential soft environment. This thesis took Anhui Province as the study area, with the residential hard environment as the research objective, established index system of the residential hard environment by the natural environment and material accumulation as secondary index. Supported by GIS technology, this thesis made quantitative evaluation of residential hard environment of Anhui Province based on the climate, topography, vegetation, hydrology, transportation, communication facilities data, and the main conclusions were as follows:Anhui residential hard environment had significantly regional differences. The provincial capital Hefei and cities along the Yangtze River Tongling, Ma'anshan, Wuhu, Anqing, residential hard environment were in the superior level, most counties'residential hard environment lied in central of Anhui (including the plains south of the Huaihe River, Jianghuai hills, along the Yangtze River)was in the good level, the residential hard environment of 11cities in the south of Anhui and the north of Huai River including Suzhou, Huaibei ,Jieshou and so on were in the general level, the residential hard environment of the majority cities in the north of the Huai River and Dabie Mountainous area of Anhui Southwest were in the poor level. In Anhui Province, the spatial distribution patterns of residential hard environment were in accord with the populations', but some regions existed contradiction. The region with good level residential hard environment accounted for 64.43% of the total area of the province and had 62.20% of the total population. The region in poor level accounted for 20.84% of the total area and had 21.57% of the total population. The region in general level accounted for 13.50% of the total area and had 9.08% of the total population. The region in superior level accounted for 1.23% of the total area and had 7.15% of the total population. From the proportion of the area and population of view, the spatial distribution of residential hard environment level is basically coordinate with the spatial distribution of population in Anhui Province. But their distribution of regions in the north of Huaihe River were incompatible with high population density and poor level of residential hard environment,The spatial distribution of the single-factor of residential hard environment was uncoordinated. North of Huaihe River was flat terrain and had rich land resources, higher level infrastructure, well-developed transport, but with the general level of economic development and lacked of water and heat resources. The central region of Anhui had relatively flat terrain, abundant water and heat resources, higher level of infrastructure and transportation, good economic development. Plains along the river had flat terrain, rich hydrothermal resource, higher level of economic development, but the infrastructure level and transport accessibility of the cities and counties were greatly different. The water and heat resources of mountainous area in the west and south of Anhui province were at a high level, but the terrain was large undulating, the level of material accumulation was at the lowest level in Anhui Province.Residential hard environment was different between urban and rural areas. This was mainly due to obvious regional difference of natural environment and gap of material accumulation level between urban and rural areas in Anhui Province.This was obvious in the area north of Huaihe River.Finally, according to characteristics of the spatial distribution of Anhui residential hard environment, this thesis made some suggestions to optimize residential hard environment: to strengthen the regional infrastructure construction and promote the balance of material accumulation level; to take economic policy as a means to guide the population transfer to a high level region; to plan rationally and build orderly development pattern; to insist on sustainable development and maintain continuous improvement of residential hard environment; and to take steps actively to improve the soft environment construction levels and raise the overall level of the residential environment.