| Wetland is one of the three ecological systems in the world, which is regarded as the kidney of the earth. So the protection of the wetland is the key to the survival and development of the human being. Dong-ting lake is the second biggest freshwater lake in China and it is also the important wetland and protection area of migratory birds in the world, so it plays an important role in regulating the flood path in Chang-jiang river, protecting the gene of the species and biological diversity. Owing to the lack of the awareness of the importance of protecting Dong-ting wetland, deficiency of legislation, disorder of the management, and the over-exploitation of the wetland, Dong-ting wetland is shrinking and ecological state is deteriorating, as a result, its function of regulating the season, improving the water quality, protecting the variety of the species is weakening and some of its functions are losing. In order to solve the problem of exploiting and developing Dong-ting lake, it is necessary to form the ecological compensation system in Dong-ting wetland through legislation. Hence, in this essay the successful experience of compensating the ecology in America, Brazil, Britain, and Japan is analyzed, the deficiency of legislation in protecting the wetland in China is summarized, from the ecological compensation legislation, a suggestion is made to set up "one law for one district" system to achieve the goal of protecting the wetland according to the current situation of legal protection in China.
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