Research Of Resource Utilization And Sitting Layout Of Beijing Landscaping Residues

With the acceleration of urbanization process and the increase of area and quality of landscaping, Beijing landscaping residues, one of major source of urban solid waste, have been becoming more and more tremendous. How to deal with these residues reasonablely and effectively turns out to be a burning problem. Landscaping residues contain large quantities of wood cellulose and other organic ingredients, simple landfill disposal can not meet the requirements of sustainable development, hazard free and resources utilization is an inevitable trend. Infrastructure and basic industries construction are supposed to in the forefront of urban contructions. From the perspective of sustainable development, appropriate advance of landscaping residues disposal facilities construction, such as centralized disposing facilities (CDF) and nearby disposing facilities (NDF), is necessary.Utilization technology of Beijing landscaping residues and the available amount and distribution of residues will directly affect the rationality of layout of facilities. According to development situation of Beijing landscaping residues industry, three technologies suitable for Beijing landscaping residues are drawed in this paper based on the domestic and abroad research. They are compost and crumble earch covering, biomass solid fuel and the mushroom industry.Remote sensing image processing software (ERDAS Imagine) was used to geometric calibration, stitching and tailoring of remote sensing images of Beijing (TM image,30m×30m) in this study, which made preparation for the calculation of NDVI (normalized difference vegetation index) of vegetation in Beijing. Amount of residues in each pixel of geographical layer (30m×30m) was calculated by the use of weighted average algorithm based on NDVI, and then geographical density distribution of Beijing landscaping residues was derived. According to qualitative factors and a variety of cost datas of Beijing landscaping residues industry sitting selection,layout about CDF and NDF of Beijing landscaping residues was systematically analized with the help of geographic information system software tool (ArcGIS) and location-allocation mode (LAM) and service area model(SAM). The main conclusions in this study are:(1) Theoratical volumn of landscaping residues in eight urban districts of Beijing reaches 1.0759 million tons, which mainly distributed in the Haidian, Chaoyang, and Fengtai; theoretical volumn of residues resources in suburban districts and counties of Beijing are about 4.0765 million tons, which mainly distributed in Miyun, Huairou, Fangshan and Yanqing; Shijingshana is the town which residues resources are the most, of which reach 120,200 tons. (2) Available volumn of Beijing landscaping residues is about 4,399,800 tons. As the terrain of eight urban districts is relatively flat, the difference between theoretical and avaialbe volumn of residues in these disctricts is small. Avaiable volumn of residues in these districts reaches 1,066,200 tons, which is about 3,333,700 tons in suburban districts of Beijing. Avaiable volumn of Shijingshan (Shijingshan District), Sujiatuo (Haidian district) and Yu Tae-jin (Daxing District), which is respectively about 119,000 tons,9.7 million tons,83,000 tons, occupy the top three among towns in Beijing.(3) Layout of CDF in eight urban districts can build around Xi Beiwang town, Hiandian district and Shijingshan town, Shijingshan district, which have relatively more residues resources and more candidate area suitable for CDF than others. On the other side, lanout of NDF can rely on those units which have more residues and more demand for landscaping residues disposing products, such as big park, garden, nursery, etc. The threshold area of park suitable for NDF was calculated according to the minimum capacity of NDF and average volumn of residues resources per area in eight urban districts. Considering the total area and green area of every unit, amount of residues resources, regional integrity and other factors, the solution which includes 17 NDFs in eigth urban districts was proposed.(4) Considering the available amount of landscaping residues in 11 New Urban Area (10 capitals of suburban districts and Yizuang area of Daxing district) is much greater than the minimum capacity of single NDF, every new urban area is proposed to establish NDF, which can effectively perfect the collection system of landscaping residues resources.(5) Considering the amount of residues resources, transportation, population distribution, candidate area size, slope and other factors of every suburban districts in Beijing, it is supposed to establish four biomass fuel plants respectively in Beizhuang town, Miyun County, Tanghekou town, Huairou County, Yanchi town, Mentougou District and Qutou town, Tongzhan District. At the same time,1430 administrative villages were chosed to establish forest residues collection points, which made up appropriate collection system, in order to ensure the feedstock supply and operational efficiency of biomass fuel plants. Miyun County accounted for 260 of those, Pinggu County accounted for 115, Yanqing accounted for 159, Huairou County accounted for 210, Fangshan accounted for 255, Changping District accounted for 196, Mentougou accounted for 155, Shunyi District accounted for 29, Daxing District accounted for 29, and Tongzhou District accounted for 22.