Study On Resource-Oriented Utilization Mode Of Pig Feces In Shandong Province

Pig breeding industry is an important part of modern agricultural industry system,which is of great importance to ensuring the living quality of the public.Shandong Province is a large province of pig breeding in China.In 2018,the number of live pigs in Shandong Province was 5.823 million,and the output of pork was 4.21 million tons,accounting for 7.33 % and 7.79 % of the total number of pigs and total pork production in the country,respectively.Ranked fourth in the country.In recent years,pig breeding industry develops rapidly and the yield of pork continues to increase.However,pollution caused by pig feces is also getting serious.Gradually,pig feces have become one of the major environmental pollution sources.The manure produced by pig breeding will damage water bodies,the atmosphere and the soil,spread epidemics,and damage the safety of the livestock and poultry industry.However,fecal pollution also contains huge resource potential,and it can be used effectively to promote the coordinated development of pig industry and environment.At present,the use of manure resources can be classified into four types: breeding and breeding,clean reuse,standard discharge,and centralized treatment.How to choose resource utilization model reasonably is a major problem for pig farmers.On the basis of literature and field research,this paper uses methods such as descriptive analysis,comparative analysis,typical case analysis and comprehensive evaluation based on relevant theories such as circular economy,sustainable development,environmental resource value,and cost benefit analysis.This paper mainly studies the related problems of manure resource utilization model of pig culture in Shandong province from the aspects of empirical analysis,case analysis,comprehensive evaluation and countermeasures.The specific methods and research conclusions are as follows:According to 435 questionnaires,using descriptive analysis method,this paper analyzes the cognition and behavior status of manure resource utilization in pig culture in Shandong Province,and draws the conclusion that: The interviewed pig farmers generally agree with the importance of waste resource utilization.More than half of the pig farms have considered the surrounding environmental conditions when they are selected,and have established drainage systems and special storage facilities for rain and seepage protection.Less than a third have knowledge or comparative knowledge of current policies for the use of fecal resources,and nearly 70 per cent want government support for subsidies;More than 80 per cent of the participants in the use of waste resources have a higher willingness to participate,motivated by an improvement in the quality of the environment,an improvement in their reputation and an increase in income.Lack of necessary funding,limited management capacity and lack of technical skills are the main reasons for reluctance to undertake the use of waste resources.By using the method of comparative analysis,four basic models of resource utilization of pig manure in Shandong province were analyzed from the aspects of definition,main mode and process characteristics.The research shows that the typical model of the combination model of planting and raising mainly includes the full quantification of manure returning to the field,the use model of manure composting and the utilization model of manure fertilizer,which can achieve the balance and supporting of planting and aquaculture.The typical models of the clean reuse model mainly include the use model of manure feed,the use model of excrement base and the use model of excrement fuel,which can achieve intensive management and ecological breeding.The treatment cost of standard emission mode is high,and most farms are difficult to bear.The market-oriented and commercialized operation of the centralized treatment model has effectively integrated social resources and rationally distributed the benefits of various links.The evaluation index is selected from the aspects of ecological benefit,economic benefit and social benefit,the weight of index is determined by information entropy method,the comprehensive evaluation value is determined by TOPSIS method,and the four models for the utilization of manure resources in pig breeding in Shandong province are evaluated by questionnaire and interview data.The evaluation results show that the combination model is the best,followed by the centralized treatment model and the clean reuse model,and the standard emission model is the worst.Each of the four models has its own advantages and disadvantages.The combination of breeding and breeding has a high utilization rate and low cost,but it needs enough land to build storage facilities and eliminate manure;The cleaning reuse model has a wide range of manure uses,but the model has a long ecological chain and a high degree of refinement technology.Sewage treated by the standard discharge mode can be directly discharged,and large-scale storage facilities are not required.However,the treatment cost of this model is higher and the economic return is lower.The centralized treatment model is easy to obtain subsidies and credit support,and can operate professionally,but the investment cost is high and the product sales are limited.From the two aspects of pig farmers and the government,the countermeasures to promote the use of waste resources for pig breeding in Shandong Province were put forward: pig farmers should strengthen their learning,improve their own quality,consider the surrounding environment,reasonably choose the site of the farm,and measure their own conditions.Reasonable choice of fecal resource utilization model;The government should raise the standard of subsidies for the use of waste resources,establish preferential credit policies,strengthen publicity and education on the use of waste resources,strengthen supervision,promote the implementation of the use of waste resources,and adjust and optimize the structure and layout of pig breeding industry.