Study On Determination Of Pollutants Producing Coefficient And Pollutants Discharge Coefficient Of Large Scale Dairy Farm

With the development of the intensive cow-breeding industry, the problems of environmental pollution are becoming more and more serious. In order to reduce environmental pollution caused by cow-breeding industry and make full use of manure resources, the paper based on the research of large scale dairy farm′s pollutants and the emission of pollutants, makes the PPC(pollutants producing coefficient )and the PDC(pollutants discharge coefficient) to know the characteristics and rules of intensive cow-breeding′s pollution by providing a scientific basis and data for practice.Test I: Through monitoring the 1000 scale dairy farm in Zhengzhou City of central China ,we establish the PPC to represent the situation for dairy cow's pollutants generated of a large scale dairy farm. The PPC (pollutants producing coefficient) is a single animal generating original amount pollution of urine / COD / TN / TP / copper / zinc because of production in a certain period of time (one day or one year). Randomly selecting five weight 300kg closely and healthy growing cows and five weight closely and healthy lactating cows under the normal feeding , we measured the indicators of crude protein, phosphorus, copper, zinc in the feed, and the indicators of the daily fecal output and fecal total nitrogen, total phosphorus, copper, zinc, organic matter, and the indicators of the output of daily urine, urine COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, copper, zinc and so on. The conclusion is that the growing cows pollutants year coefficient of the dairy farm: nitrogen 126.02 g?head-1?d-1, total phosphorus 60.94 g?head-1?d-1, organic matter 1966.18 g?head-1?d-1, copper 0.143 g?head-1?d-1, zinc 0.953 g?head-1?d-1, COD 98.908 g?head-1?d-1, N 1.579 g?head-1?d-1; he lactating cows pollutants year coefficient of the dairy farm: nitrogen 279.13g ? head-1 ? d-1, total phosphorus 140.34 g?head-1?d-1, copper 0.312 g?head-1?d-1, zinc 1.991 g?head-1?d-1, organic matter 3688.74 g?head-1?d-1, COD227.87 g?head-1?d-1, N 5.027 g?head-1?d-1.The emissions of the COD, organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc of dairy farms are with large volume, and the emissions of the COD, nitrogen, phosphorus,, zinc, ammonia nitrogen and organic matter have different changes with the seasons change, if the feed meet the needs of the dairy cows, the excess will be placed in the waste, so it resulted in the loss of nutrients and the increasing pollutants.Test II: Through monitoring the 1000 scale dairy farm's in Zhengzhou City of central China ,we establish the Pollutant Discharge Coefficient which can show the situation of the sewage discharge of pollutants coefficient this region. The PDC(Pollutant Discharge Coefficient) is the amount of the original or the use of untreated pollutants directly emitted into the environment under normal feeding and management conditions. It is divided into two parts, solid pollution discharge coefficient and liquid sewage pollution discharge coefficient. The indexes were monitored in four seasons, the solid pollution discharge coefficients were measured by a coefficient of the total amount of 10 lactating cows and 10 growing cows feces, and the indicators of fecal moisture content rate, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, copper, zinc, organic matter; The liquid sewage pollution discharge coefficients were measured by monitoring the total amount of liquid sewage volume per day and the indicators of sewage pH, COD, ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, total phosphorus, copper, zinc. The conclusion is that the total emissions of the dairy farm: total nitrogen 125.89 kg·d-1, total phosphorus 126.42 kg·d-1, copper 0.369 kg·d-1, zinc 1.646 kg·d-1, organic matter and 3517 kg·d-1, COD46.02 kg·d-1, ammonia nitrogen 3.208 kg·d-1. The emissions of the COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, zinc of dairy farms are with large volume, and the emissions of the COD, nitrogen, phosphorus, copper, zinc, ammonia nitrogen and organic matter have different changes with the seasons change, and the solid pollution structures of nitrogen, phosphorus, copper, zinc and other pollutants emissions are much higher than the amount of liquid emissions.