Research In Public Economic Policy Of Watershed Eco-compensation

Eco-compensation, as an important part of the Paid Use System of Resources, is playing a key role to stimulate the ecological environmental protectors' enthusiasm, to promote the reasonable, scientific and high efficient utilization of environment and to realize optimal allocation of resources. It's not only relating to establish environment protection's incentive and restraint mechanisms, but is also relating to the sustainability of the economic development. But now, lacking full basis, lacking environmental impact assessment and unitary the mode of eco-compensation exist in watershed eco-compensation. Firstly, eco-compensation for developmental opportunity cost is always absence; secondly, the pointed and comprehensive assessments are insufficient; thirdly, in eco-compensation it lakes comprehensive modes. This becomes the bottleneck restricting the construction of ecological civilization. Therefore, it has the theory value and is a practice significance subject to analyze present situation in watershed eco-compensation, to discover the main exiting problems at present and to propose suggestions to improve policies.This paper directs against this subject, on the basis of summarizing, analyzing and commenting forefathers' research results, and then launches a new research that based on public economic policy. Through the information and data that are obtained from investigation, the study makes an analysis and argumentation to the current policies of watershed eco-compensation in Shandong Province. Afterward, the author pointed out the policies' rationality and the existing insufficiency. Based on this, the study puts forward suggestions to improve watershed eco-compensation policies.The study first limits the eco-compensation's related concept, analyzes the watershed ecological environmental protection's externalities, and expounds three aspects questions from the theory angle on the watershed eco-compensation of basis formulation, quantity assessment and the mode selection. Then, the study takes Shandong Province as the example, uses investigation analysis method to conduct the study on watershed eco-compensation. From the watershed eco-compensation basis formulation, the compensation quantity assessment, the compensation mode selection three aspects to study the situation and the exiting problems at present of watershed eco-compensation in Shandong Province. Get the investigation analysis conclusions as follows. The eco-compensation basis is clear, but eco-compensation for developmental opportunity cost is absence. Value assessment is strict, but assessed contents are not still comprehensive. Assessment methods must be improved. Government subsidies are the main mode of eco-compensation. Eco-compensation based on rights and interests trade and the intelligence eco-compensation must be strengthened. In view of the above conclusion, the author proposes the construction of the eco-compensation mode for "developmental opportunity cost included" and to fit for given time and place; to guarantee the research of "environmental impact assessment" and use comprehensive methods to thoroughly assess each kind of ecological environmental value; to develop the eco-compensation modes based on rights and interests trade positively and strengthen intelligence eco-compensation such as technical service eco-compensation; to implement supervision to ecological environmental protection and impel the related laws and regulations to be consummation unceasingly.