| In recent years,the high-speed development of society economy has brought enormous pressure to our environment.The deterioration of environment has became a main factor that restricts the development of Chinese economy.The environmental problem has became one of the important problems that threaten the survival and development of Chinese people.As one of the flexible and efficient environmental and economic policies which synthetically considering the factors of environmental protection and economic development,the emission trading policy is carried out by many countries and gets very good effect. America is the best .In China, the history of emission trading is about 20 years.It's in the process of a gradual deepening from the pilot area to the national wide-area.It's a critical period for the development of emission trading program in our country.In this background,learning some experiences from American, as well some practices from the experimental units of China and then finding an emission trading policy that conformity with China's reality will have a strong practical significance.This paper analyze the theory of emission trading program.Through analyze typical cases, this paper makes comparative analysis on the traits of emission trading policy of China and USA,and provides some recommendations to the design of Chinese emission trading programs.This paper is mainly made up of six chapters:Chapter one firstly introduces the background of American emission trading, describes the theory of emission trading program'development context and the current situation of the emission trading in China.Point out that learning experiences from some foreign countries and establishing an emission trading policy that conformity with Chinese reality would have a strong practical significance.introduce the research progress at home and abroad.At last, research methods and content points in this paper are proposed.Chapter two introduces the theoretical basement of the emission trading. Firstly, discusses the definition,specialty and meaning of emission trade. Points out that emission trading is a market-oriented environmental and economic policy .Emissions of pollutants is a legitimate right.The right can be bought or sold as the goods.To compare with command-control regulations,Emission trading has the advantages that can cut cost,improve the technology of pollution treatment,control the total quantity of pollution,promote fairness and efficiency;Secondly,it includes the economic theoretic foundation about the theory of Resource Scarcity,The Tragedy of the Commons,Exterior Diseconomy and Coase Theorem.Chapter three expounds two trading patterns:Emission Reduction Credits(ERCs) and Emission Trading Program.Especially this part analyzes the Emission Trading of SO2 in America.At last, compared with the difference between the two patterns as well refers to the disadvantages and enlightenments of American Emission Trading system.Chapter four, Analysis the feasibility of emission trading in China.The history of development of the Emission Trading program in China is divided into two phases: One is the government supervision period;The other is a period that the characteristics of market-oriented Emission Trading platform appears.At last,this part introduce respectively the characteristics of Emission Trading in the two stages and give some examples.Chapter five analyzes respectively the degree of market economic development,regional of emission trading,allocation of emission trading,monitoring and management system.We can conclude by contrast :compared with the emission trading system in America,Chinese emission trading system is still not mature and perfect.Chapter six summarises the enlightenment to china for emission trading system of America.We should learn the advanced systems and technologies of American.But it can not be completely copied.It must be developed in connection with our national conditions.At the end of this paper, put forward three suggestions which can improve the emission trading in China. Chapter seven is the conclusion of this paper, sum up content of the full-text. |
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