Selection And Identification Of Microbial Strains With Effective Biodegradation Functions For Food Waste And Their Optimal Combination

The quantity of food wastes was little when separated among family units, but when combined, the total quantity was amazingly tremendous. Food wastes dispersed in different districts, so it was different to reuse of resource such as collection, compost or process of feedstuff. Food wastes were abounded in organic matters and water, so they were easily to putrefy, resulting in problems in wastes landfill or combusting. Research on food wastes elimination technology in situ by microorganisms seems to be a good pathway to resolve environmental contamination of organic wastes in rural and urban areas. This experiment initiated with screening microbial strains of high performance of food waste decomposing, then different microbial strains and matrixes was assembled to make up of microbial communities of food wastes which finally were performed in experiments of simulated food waste and refectory garbage, results were:(1) Nine strains of microbes which were screened in former research that could degrade food waste were subjected to experiments of growth curve, halo of degradation observation, antagonistic test in protein, lipid, cellulose and amylum culture medium, extra-cellular enzyme activities in protein, lipid, cellulose and amylum incubation, and results came to be that strains of No.1,No.2,No.3,CD4,CD6 and CD8 had stronger enzyme activities in protein, lipid, cellulose and amylum hydrolysis, were candidate microbial strains for food waste degrading microbial community;(2) Strains of No.1, No.2 and No.3 were identified to be Actinomucor elegans, Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis respectively, and were named A. elegans No.1, B. cereus No.2 and B. subtilis No.3 respectively;(3) Microbial community was composed of assembled microbes of A. elegans No.1, B. cereus No.2 and B. subtilis No.3 and assembled matrixes of soil, sawdust, chaff and bamboo shuck of which matched ratio was 3:4:4:1 respectively. Experiment was manipulated in kitchen garbage degradation machine and processed for 1 week, and results turned out that average degradation content per day of simulated food waste was around 90%. Moisture content and pH were key factors affecting degradation capability of food waste, and research illuminated that pH should be between 5.0 and 7.0; moisture should be between 25% and 30%;(4) Microbial community was composed of assembled microbes of A. elegans No.1, B. cereus No.2 and B. subtilis No.3 and assembled matrixes of Bamboo Charcoal, cotton seed shuck, chaff, sawdust and soil of which matched ratio was 4:5:6:8:6 respectively. Experiment was manipulated in kitchen garbage degradation machine with different ventilations of outer-ventilation and inner-ventilation and processed for 20 days, results turned out that average degradation content per day of refectory garbage was around 71% and 74% respectively, whereas the highest degradation content per day was 128% and 106% respectively. In this research optimal C/N was 30 fixed inoculated microbial communities, and in the beginning, feed of refectory garbage boomed quantity of inoculated microbial community, helping to biosynthesize self organic materials. Refectory garbage abounded with lipid and NaCl, which reduced degradation capability in later process.