Studies On The Contamination Eco-hemistry Of Heavy Metals In Edible Fungi

There are three parts in this paper. The first part is the research about heavy metals (HMs) and biological character of edible fungi; the second part is ecological chemistry during the cultivation of edible fungi; the third part is that ecological effect of combined pollution for HMs in Pleurotusostreatus.The first part has mainlty studied on biological character of edible fungi, explained the development condition of edible fungi from six aspects (nutritional requiremnet, temperature range, pH, moisture reqirement,the environment condition and the lighting condition). Study on HMs has already developed in the range of yield of edible fungi. It is inadequate on the resistance and adaptation of edible fungi to HMs, enrichments character and ecological effect of compound pollution for HMs in edible fungi.The second part has first selected the best formula of mother and stock culture medium which adapt to Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Agrocybe cylindracea, Volvariella volvacea, Agaricus bisporus, Auricularia auricula, Pleurotus membraneens, Ganoderna lucidium and Agaricus blazei.The results show that it is different for edible fungi to absorpt and accumulate HMs from analyis of a dozen edible fungis. The explanation could rest in the differen ecological character and matablolic responses to HMs. When Pleurotus ostreatus, Lentinus edodes, Flammulina velutipes, Agrocybe cylindracea were cultivated with fifth formula of substate. The study investigated the situation of Cd pollution in four main producing areas in Henan Province when Ahauicus blazei was artificially cultivated with cattle manure, straw and soil. Among the different main mateuial tested, soil and cattle manure mainly provided Cd accumulated by Agaricus blazei. The ability to absorption and accumulation of edible fungi is related to aminoacid index.The third part studied ecological effect of combined pollution for HMs in plearotus ostreatus, measured the lingth and anti-weed-moulds ability of hyphae, biomass of plearotus ostreatus, biovailability of HMs, HMs enrichment, the variety of HMs toxicity and the transformation amd redistribution ability of HMs. The ecological dffect of HMs on plearotus ostreatus is reviewed.HMs mentioned above were harmful to the growth and yield of Pleurotus, ostreatus, but Cd could enhance billogical efficiency. Among HMs tested, Cd was highly accumulated while Pb was slow. HMs in pileus was higher than stipe. When Cu, Pb, Cd, concentration are 100, 300, 1. 5mg . kg-1 respectively, Zn concentration decreases in pileus when other HMs were added, Cu, Pb, Cd, concentration increasion in Pleurotus ostreatus, the transformation and distribution is higher than single element, Cd>Zn>Cu>Pb.