The Assessment Of Heavy Metals And Pesticide Residue Content And Edible Potential Health Risk Of Phallus Impudicus In Guizhou

The planting of Phallus impudicus although provides a effective way for the income of populace, but environmental pollution has influenced the safety of edible fungi, seriously affecting the export of edible fungi in our country, such as heavy metals like lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic is generally more than the standard prescribed by the importer, detaining, return and claim in the process of edible fungus exports is often happened. Current technology platform in our country, it is impossible to repair the environment pollution of heavy metals completely in a short period, we should actively consider using chemical and biological technology to control the content of heavy metals in edible fungus, so the heavy metal enrichment of the edible fungi are more attention at home and abroad.Nowadays, Soil heavy metal pollution is an increasingly serious environmental problems, with the food safety incidents are exposed frequently, People pay more attention to food safety and the content of heavy metals in food. In order to do this research, many materials and samples are collected in Guizhou Penglai fairyland. For example soils, water, crops, compost and Phallus impudicus, using atomic absorption spectrometer, atomic fluorescence spectrometer and other analytical instruments test heavy metals in copper, zinc, nickel, chromium, cadmium, lead, mercury,arsenic and pesticide residue content of soil, water, crop and Phallus impudicus samples. Based on the background value of soil environment in Guizhou, quality standard of soil environment(GB15618-1995 two), the health standard of heavy metals in the edible fungus as the evaluation criteria. Using correlation analysis, principal component analysis of multivariate statistical analysis method to study sources of pollution and distribution characteristics of heavy metals in the Penglai fairyland. Using the comprehensive pollution index method, potential risk index method and the land accumulation comprehensive index method to evaluate single heavy metals on soil, crop and Phallus impudicus combined pollution contribution and heavy metal compound pollution on Soil and crop ecological environment ecological risk in Penglai fairyland Park. At last the health risk model proposed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency(EPA) to appraise the edibe health risk of Phallus impudicus.The main findings are as follows:(1) Based on the background value in guizhou and the national secondary standard for soils, Nemerow index and the potential ecological risk index and the index of geo-accumulation of pollution all demonstrated that soil in penglai celestial garden are at different degree of pollution, reached light-medium ecological risk level and need to attach great importance and effective governance.(2) Based on Chinese standard for pollutants limitation in food(GB2762-2005) and pollution-free vegetables safety requirements(GB18406.1-2001) standard, the order of average accumulation amount in different crops were Zn>Ni>Cu>Cr>As>Pb>Cd>Hg, the results show that the crop of selective absorption of heavy metal elements is different.The average content of heavy metals in water are characterized byZn>Cd>Cu>Hg >Ni>As>Pb>Cr, comprehensive pollution index was 2.22, is not-mild pollution of heavy metals in penglai celestial park water.(3) Correlation analysis and principal component analysis results show that the heavy mental pollution in penglai celestial zone soil mainly comes from Pb, Cd, As, Cu and zinc;Pb, Cd, Cr, As, Hg, zinc, Cu and Ni in the substrates may exist in the same source of metal or compound pollution.(4) The average contents of 8 kinds of heavy metal in the compost of Phallus impudicus showed that Cu>Cr>zinc>Pb>Ni>As>Hg>Cd, the results showed that existing in a certain degree of heavy metals accumulated in the compost, among them with Cu and Cr is the most obvious.(5) Based on the content and distribution of heavy metals in Phallus impudicus, bacteria, there is little difference in volva, stipe and pileus about the content of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu and Zn, and compared with edible fungi hygiene standards GB7096-2003 and food hygiene standards NY861-2004, Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu and zinc in thevolva, stipe and pileus qualified rate reached 100%, were not overweight. Cr in volva, stipe and pileus reached the qualified rate at 100%, 100% and 84.62%.Single factor index and synthetic pollution index showed that volva, stipe and pileus all belongs to the save level.(6) In volva, stipe and pileus and soil, agricultural residue are not detected, the results showed that soil is not polluted by agricultural residues, it is clean. Phallus impudicus was unpolluted and belongs to the level of security.(7) The soil in Phallus impudicus planting area was not- light pollution, should cause a certain attention, and repair it in time. Analysing the weight about enrichment factors in different parts of the Phallus impudicus, found that the enrichment coefficient is that Cd>Zn>Hg>Cu>Cr>Pb>As, shows that heavy metals in soil-Phallus impudicus between each part has a certain ability to migrate.(8) Using the US.EPA risk assessment model assessing the health risk about Phallus impudicus, the results showed that there is no harm to the residents’ health for Pb、Cd、Cr、Hg、As、Cu、Zn by edible fungus way.