An Analysis Of The Tree Structure Of The Development Pattern Of Science

Searching on the development pattern and the law is a common issue for scientists and philosophers. A forward-looking scientific development pattern will promote scientific development, which is not only beneficial to intensify the knowledge on some characteristics of science and its advancement, but also to speed scientific research and further exploration of nature law. The development pattern of science plays an important role in the cognition and practice, which mainly per space positions its structural ties and contact direction ad result Philosophers of Logical Positivism, Falsificationism and Historicism all made productive explorations on development pattern of science. This paper investigated the tree structure of the development pattern of science, according to contrast experiment and in-depth exploration. The structure of the thesis runs as follow:First, this paper compares eastern philosophers'representative development pattern of science with the westerns'. On the one hand, we choose several most representative development pattern of science from numerous volumes of schools of thought and theories. As accumulation pattern of Logical Positivism; negation pattern of Popper's Critical Rationalism; pattern of Historicism of science, the core of it is the Paradigm Theory of Kuhn; Imre Lakatos'the methodology of scientific research programmes and Feyerabend's pattern, whose theory is just pushing non-rational to the extreme. Meanwhile, the paper analyzes and makes a summary for all theories mentioned above. The limitations and the positive aspects are also discussed. On the other hand, Weiguang Shu, a famous scholar of our country found the tree structure of the development of science. Compare with westerns', his theory about the development of science has already got a clear advantage. His theory adheres to the theoretical basis of Marxist philosophy; adheres to the traditional principles and methodology of Natural dialectics. Simultaneously, according to learn the advantages of westerns', he offers an analogy on the development of science,what isjust like trees grown-up ,and then turns the tree structure into a describe image which is a very popular phenomenon in nature.Next, this paper elaborates the connotation and the growth model of the tree structure of the development pattern of science. At the beginning, we analyze the definition of the word"structure". Then according to associate with the classification and the progress of scientific development, we can find that the tree structure belongs to the family of development pattern. Meanwhile it also links the static pattern and the dynamic pattern, and organically unites both of them in the tree structure. At last, the paper analyzes the dynamic characteristics of tree structure (how to grow as scientific advancement steps furtherAt the same time, in order to illustrate which one is basic theory which one is not, the changes of "branches" accumulated to a certain amount of time will inevitably influences root", we also analyze"root"and"branch". We call that quantitative change and qualitative change as well.In the third chapter the paper analyzes the basic principles and the form of the tree structure two principles are on the basis of inherent law of scientific development. The first principle emphasizes that science is an open system which is on the basis of observing and studying on open-enddeness of science and scientific development. The second principle emphasizes that the nature of science are hierarchical and evaluative. When we compare the two different theories (one is in the level A, the other one is in the level B), we can find that their structures and functions are not all the same, just like differences between root and branch. When we analyze different features from one-dimensional to three-dimensional, tree structure show us a spatial model. In this way we can figure out the changes of structure. It is from simple to complex. It is especially useful when we face respective categories from a single point to a category and holistic vision of science.At last the paper summarizes and illustrates the value of the study of the tree structure. It includes two evaluation criterion of the scientific development pattern, which accords to the objective realities: first, it completely conforms to the development law of science; second, it can be easily applied in practice. It is a progressive scientific pattern only if under all the requirements above and it is also capable of withstanding rigorous tests of scientific scrutiny. Its value mainly reflected in the following: First, it point out the direction of science development; second, it is enlighten us to understand scientific development evolution.