Analysis Of The Cultural Background Of The Transfer In The Modern World Science Center

The shift of world science activity centers is one side of the imbalance development of science, the formation and shift of World Scientific Activity Centers(the world science center, for short)has caused many scholar's interests. But this is a comprehended and sweeping task, it would be very complicated if we give this a comprehensive study. This article only attempts from culture factor—one of the influencing factors which caused the shift of world activity centers, give a distinctive analysis about cultural context, which five countries respectively as the world science center—Italy, British, France, Germany and America. Based on this, we can summarized some regular conclusions, that is, "culture"—as a foundational factor—how to affect the development of science and how to affect the shift of world science centers. According to this mentality, this article divided into three parts.The first part is introduction. Give a simple introduction about the origin of the shift of world science center; carries on the simple analysis to this phenomenon, mainly summarized the predecessor how to research this questions; finally, we give a explanation of "culture", it is a very broad concept, how to explain it should based on our need about the article.The second part, we carries on a general analysis about the culture context of five countries, which as the world science center respectively. Italy can become the first world science center since modern times, has close relation with Renaissance—which origin in it; the empiricism tradition and the Protestantism in the seventeenth century, is the cultural context that promote the development of science in British; France become the world science center in the eighteenth century, a large extent benefit from the Enlightenment, benefit from the rational thought and science spirit which caused by this movement; the early nationalism in Germany, the unique Germany Enlightenment, in addition the imposing Germany philosophy revolution, constitute the cultural context that assist Germany become the fourth world science center; as a immigrating country, the culture of America is also typical immigrating culture, mainly affected by the impact of European culture, and forms its own culture system based on this. immigrating culture, Enlightenment, Pragmatism, is the cultural factors that promote the rapid development of science in America.The third part, based on the analysis in part I and part II, we can summarize some regular conclusions. Ideological liberation movement can promote the development of science, the scientist must emancipate his mind continuously, and the development of science also demands for the emancipation of social thought; Philosophy also have a promote action to science development: the world view, methodology, epistemology, the critical spirit and the suspect spirit, all these play an important role in science development; the social values also have a positive impact on science, mainly embodied in science activity and science tradition, then influence the development of science.