| Guangdong and Hainan province are located at southeast China (18°09'-25°31'N,108°35'-117°20'E), beside the South China Sea, where the weather is temperate and moist. And they cross four climate zones, tropic, sub-tropic, southern sub-tropic and northern tropic. The three typical vegetation types are tropical rain forest, monsoon forest, and southern subtropical monsoon evergreen broad-leaved forest respectively, at the two provinces. In addition to various and complicated landforms, and distinct different climate types, they are both becoming one hotspot of the most plentiful bryophyte biodiversity in China. Although lots of reports on the bryophyte in this area were given, there was lacks of study on specific families or genera, recently.On the basis of historical review on the three families, Ditrichaceae, Bartramiaceae and Lepidoziaceae, the specimens which were collected from Guangdong and Hainan, and housed in the herbarium, such as IBSC, SHM, IFSBH and so on, were identified. Description of each families and species were supplied. It contains 55 illustrations of every species, together with an index of Chinese and scientific names. And the collection location, habitat and distribution information of every species were also given detailed here. The main conclusions as follows:1. According to literature checking, the reviews on the three families were given. Main conclusions like these: 1) 3 genera, 7 species in Ditrichaceae were recorded, among them, 2 genera and 6 species were recognized presently. Five species in Ditrichum and one in Garckea. 2) Sixteen species belonging two genera under family Bartramiaceae were recored. Among them, there were 3 species and 2 varieties in genus Bartramia, and 11 ones in Philonotis. 3) Five genera and 26 species of family Lepidoziaceae were recorded. There were 6 species in Lepidozia, and 15 species in Bazzania. Both Acromastigum and Kurzia had 2 species, and only one species was in Zoopsis.2. Based on specimens checking and identification, totally 55 species belonging the three families were confirmed from Guangdong and Hainan province. Among them, there are one genus and many species new to Guangdong and Hainan. Illustration and detailed description on each species were provided, and 55 plates (view appendix 1. Fig1-55) and 55 sheets of distribution maps (view appendix 2. Fig1-55) were given. There were results as follows: 1) There were 3 genera, 8 species in Ditrichaceae, among them, the Pleuridium and P. subulatum were newly recorded genera and species separately from Hainan province. Two species of Ditrichum, namely D. difficile and D. flexicaule were new to Guangdong, and D. brevidens new to Hainan province. 2) There were 2 genera and 12 species under Bartramiaceae recorded from Guangdong and Hainan. Among them, Bartramia had one species, Philonotis had 11 ones, 2 taxa were newly recorded, namely P. secunda and P. runcinata. 3) There were 5 genera, 35 species in Lepidoziaceae are recorded. Among them, only one species in Acromastigum and Zoopsis respectively, and three ones in Kurzia. K. makinoana was newly recorded from Guangdong and Hainan; K. sinensis was new to Hainan. There were three species, namely L. Sandvicensis, L. Subintegra and L. trichodes of Lepidozia, in which has 7 species, new to Guangdong and Hainan. 23 species of genus Bazzania were recorded. Among them, there were nine ones new to Guangdong, B. albifolia, B. bilobata, B. debilis, B. denudate, B. griffithiana, B. imbricate, B. mayabarae, B. tioloensis, B. trilobata. There were 10 species newly recorded from Hainan, they are B. albifolia, B. assamica, B. bilobata, B. debilis, B. denudate, B. griffithiana, B. revolute, B. semiopacea, B. serrulatoides, B. Tridens and B. trilobata. Among them, five species both new to Guangdong and Hainan, they are B. albifolia, B. bilobata, B. debilis, B. denudate and B. trilobata.3. According to preliminary analyses on the geographical components, distrubution and habitats of the three families, the conclusion were given as follows:1) Ditrichum of Ditrichaceae was comprised by most of world dispersed species, and those species almost only distributed in southern China. Most species lived in rocks and soil-covered rocks except few ones and usually in woodland of mountain areas. 2) the species of Philonotis in Bartramiaceae were most worldly-dispersed elements. Few ones only distributed in southern China. And they were combined by southeast Asia and tropic elements. The habitat of Philonotis had 2 features, calcium-matrix, and moist environment. For that reason, these species were rarely dispersed in tree trunk and rotten woods. 3) Bazzania and Lepidozia were 2 large genera in Lepidoziaceae. Bazzania were mainly made up of Chinese endemic (5 species, 21.7%) and Eastern Asian endemic (20 species, 86.95%) species. The component has distinct regional characteristic. In China, they only distributed in southern China and sub-tropical areas. Species of Bazzania usually lived in mountain woodland, tree trunk, tree bases, and rotten woods, and usually at high elevation. Lepidozia were constituted by the tropical elements and restrict southern species. Most of them lived in soil covered rock, rotten wood, tree bases and under-tree-swamps. 4) One common feature of all these three families is that most of them distributed in mountain areas of northern, western and central areas of Guangdong province, and mountain areas of central and southern of Hainan Island, such as Mt. Wuzhishan, Mt. Diaoluoshan, Mt. Jianfengling and Mt. Bawangling.
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