Flora Of Vascular Plants And The Composition Characteristics & Distribution Features Of Endemic Plants In Hainan

The species that was restrictively distributed in a unique grographical area was called as Endemic plant. The endemic plants for Hainan we had studied here were only distributed in Hainan Island. Nowadays, studies focused on flora of endemic plant of Hainan was barely reported, so do the characteristics for geographical distribution of endemic plants especially. In our study, composition of endemic, characteristics of horizontal geographical distribution, vertical distribution were studied and the verification of distributed characteristic was used by 14 of endemic species in Hainan. All of these were demonstrated for verification of according Rapoport law or not. The results were as followed:(1) There were 225 families,1429 genera, and 4579 species of native wild vascular plants in Hainan. The advantage families as Gramineae, Cyperaceae, Lauraceae, Asteraceae, Meliaceae, Fagaceae, Palmae, Euphorbiaceae, Rubiaceae, Myrtaceae etc seemed quite obviously. The species diversity was quite abundant, but there were only 7 endemic genera and 483 endemic species of Hainan were belonged to 95 families and 267 genera, among them,84 families are seed plant belonging to 244 genera or 447 species and 11 families are Pteridophy belonging to 23 genus or 127 species. The feature of Hainan flora was belonging to a part of the Malaysia Subkingdom, not only character of tropic but also a common source of Southern China. All of above implied that Hainan flora was a transitional flora from the tropical flora to subtropical (Southern China) flora.(2) The origin and evolution plants of Hainan endemic were associated with distributed types of the number of species and genera in some families. The more genera it had in familiy, the more endemic species to be. There were more endemic distributed species in the families and genera according to tropical-subtropical distributed types than any other types. The families and genera according to narrow distribution areas and unique ecosystems may lead to arise endemic species. For example, the family and genera within species respectively accounted for 40.07% and 33.39% of the total number of vascular plants in hainan differentiation and inoculation 57.14% and 57.14% endemic species of the total number of hainan endemic species. Containing 4.39% of temperate distribution and containing 3.14% of genera, its unique species are endemic to account for 8.9% and 9.52% of the total.(3) There were 387 species accounting for 80.12% that were mainly distributed in mountain areas of central and southern Hainan, and 83 species accounting for 17.18% that were distributed in coastal hill and platform endemic plants. However, the species widely distributed among Hainan were only 13 for 2.69%. Our results showed that there was a peak for species richness. As the elevation increasing, it demonstrated that increased firstly and then declined, and the peak of evevation was closed to 600 m, showing a partial peak model. The result of test and verify using 14 endemic plants on field survey was according to the characteristics of horizontal geographical and vertical distribution of Hainan endemic plants. It was ascertained that our results and two methods fundamentally were coincident. Endemic species groups belonging to wide endemic range size led to the more number of endemic species and its greater proportion on each elevation levels.(4) Our study was performed by some traditional methods just like Stevens law, Rohde’s mid-point method, Pagel upper law and Letcher and Harvey’s cross-specie rule. Results showed that:the results for Rapoport’s rule were supported by Stevens law, Pagel upper law, Letcher and Harvey’s cross-specie rule in the distribution of Hainan endemic plants, however, the result of Rohde’s mid-point method was contrary to the ones above. When it was tested by grouping test which designed for cutting down the mid-domain effects, results showed that two results of Stevens law and Rapoport’s rule were coincident for distribution of Hainan endemic plants, on the contrary, Pagel upper law and Rohde’s mid-point method was an inverse condition. The result don’t support Rapoport’s rule...