The Study On The Bryoflora In Saihanwula Nature Reserve

Saihanwula Nature Reserve,which lies alonge the Chifeng,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,belongs to the south section of the Great Khingan Mts.Most of the area covered with forests,the large scale of Saihanwula's landscape is classified as grassland.The plants and animals are abundant.The vegetation is lush in the area.The study is based on the bryophyte communities in this area.The bryophyte flora in the nature reserve is known in detail and basic information for protecting bryophyte diversity is supllied.The paper includes two parts.First is the research to the species diversity,second is ecosystem diversity of bryophytes in Saihanwula Nature Reserve.The results of the first part are shown below:1.Spending two years of fieldwork,more than 700 bryophyte specimens were collected in Saihanwula.In total,there are 206 species belonging to 107 genera,and 43 families are found in the area.Among these identified spcies,there are 19 species in 16 genera of 14 families belongs to Hepaticae,and there are 187 species in 91 genera of 29 families belongs to Musci.In addition,Didymodon zanderi Afonina & Ignatova is newly recorded in China.Four species are newly recorded in Inner Mongolia,known as Weissia crispa(Hedw.) Mitt., Grimmia montana Bruch et Schimp.in B.S.G.,Podperaea krylovii(Podp.) Iwats.et Glime, and Pogonatum proliferum(Griff.) Mitt.2.By comparing both geneus and species similarity of bryophytes from Saihanwula and other mountains in Northern China,the research shows that the bryoflora from Saihanwula is most similar to the Qilaotu Mountain,which is closest source of bryophyte to Saihanwula in distance.There follows the Changbai Mountain,the tertiary Helan Mountain,and the fourth Daqing Mountain.The result is also proved by the Multi-dimensinal Scaling of SPSS. According to the Chinese bryological regions divided by Chen Bang-jie,Saihanwula should be the transition area connecting the Northeast Region and the Mongolia-Xinjinag Region. 3.The dominant plant geographical elements of Saihanwula and other northern mountains are within the North temperate zone.The proportion of this type of elements will go up while the latitude increases.The East-Asia elements are the second dominant elements and decreases gradually from southeast to northwest.The results of the second part are shown as following:1.In eight major habitats of bryophte of Saihanwula,the sequence sorted by species richness is:Betula forest＞shaw in ravine＞Picea meyery forest＞mixed forest of both needle and broad leaves＞bare hills＞Quercus mongolica forest＞waterside sand with scattered trees＞man-made forest.Majority bryophythe lives in the Betula forest,shaw in ravine and the Picea meyery forest.In these habitates,exist more than 160 mosses and 14 liverworts.Therefore these three habitates are vital key for protecting bryophyte diversity. However,if resource extraction inevitably occurs,the proceeding of such extraction should be biodiversity friendly by remaining patches of intact mature forest.2.The Shannon-Wiener index of bryophytes is arranged from high to low as following: Betula forest＞Picea meyery forest＞shaw in ravine＞mixed forest of both needle and broad leaves＞bare hills＞Quercus mongolica forest＞waterside sand with scattered trees＞man-made forest.This result further proves the conclusion above.3.By studying relations between 52 dominant species of bryophytes in Saihanwula and environment factors by Canonical Correspondence Analysis(CCA) with Canoco,the research shows the primary factors of influencing the distribution of bryophyte in Saihanwula are humidity,disturb,altitude,arboreal shade,and the herbaceous shade.However the base has less influence on distribution of bryopyte.4.According to the measurement to the water condensation of bryophyte and the discuession on the biological function of bryophyte in Picea meyery forest,we found that bryophyte in Picea meyery forest has a great significants of conservation of water and soil.