Analysis On Ex-situ Conservation And Conservation Education Status Of Zoo In China

By using the methods of the On-the-spot investigation and visit,visitor's questionnaire, information collection,the author investigated 62 mainly zoos in China.The research content mainly include wildlife resources,wildlife conservation and management status,environmental enrichment,the ways,the effect and the desire of tourists conservation education in zoos present.The results revealed:(1)At present zoos in China raised 982 species in all(avifauna 18 item 403 species,mammalia 13 item,205 species,scramble 4 item 103 species,batrachia 2 item 23 species and fim 7 item 42 species.Zoo own 109 species NationalⅠand NationalⅡconservation wildlife,Commotion of International Trade Endanger Species(CITES)AppendixⅠ,AppendixⅡavifauna 89 species;60 species NⅠ,NⅡmammalia and CⅠ,CⅡ44 species;3 species NⅡbatrachia,CⅠ,CⅡ2 species;NⅠ,NⅡscramble 15 species,CⅠ,CⅡ28 species; NⅡfim 1 species,CⅠ,CⅡ2 species;(2)Zoo successfully propagated many rare and endanger wildlife,the species mainly focus on the conservation ones.In recently years,not only the propagation kinds but also the quantity was increasing rapidly.Avifauna had the propagation record 96species(national avifauna 65 species,31 species foreign introduction ones.There had 49species propagation records NⅠ,NⅡin avifauna;mammalia had 103 species breeding records(national 70 species and 33 species foreign introduction).NⅠ,NⅡmammalia had 36 species breeding records.(3) Zoos were classified as six kinds according to breeding level and conservation status.The first kinds were big integration zoos which lied in cities directly under the jurisdiction such as Beijing and shanghai.The second ones were integration zoos lies in provincial cities,while the fifth and sixth kind lies in district zoos or small provincial zoos with smaller exhibit area,less wildlife species,the scientific research and the propagation were done defectively.(4)The number of staff in zoo was important for population management and was significant correlation of research results.The propotion of technological workers in all was low. Archives and heredity management were done un-criterion in most zoos.In the 63 investigation zoos,only 4 zoos in all which were used international specialism software,most zoos adopted the commom computer record or hands record.(5) The way Tourists accepted education by reading the interpretation board got the highest proportion(34.21%),and looking on animals 31.5,4%,partner or other tourists14.43%,worker5.66%,museum5.26%and else ways 9.41%;The effects that tourists leaned more animals account for top proportion (34.03%),then known behavior pattern of animals(21.32%),realized the important of animal conservation(16.10%),learned ordinarily habit(15.27%),know habitat (12.87%) in turn.Tourists t 43%in all hoped to have interpreter,22%hoped improved interpretation board,and 20%hoped to hand round drumbeating manual.Anova analyses showed that there were no significant difference in the ways,the effects and the desire of conservation education among zoo,wildlife park and professional park present.(6) Anova analyses showed:The ways that tourists who accept education from worker(P＝0.028＜0.05) and museum(P＝0.011＜0.05) existed significant difference among zoo,wildlife park and professional park;three kinds of park which let tourists known more animals existed extremely significant difference(P＝0.003＜0.01);to known habitat had significant difference(P＝0.03＜0.05).This text has been based on these results put forward the acceptable and suitable tactics to develop ex-situ conservation and education in zoos in the future.There's no significant difference among visitors with different age in the ways,the effects and the desire of conservation education;The visitors under different education background reseived education from staff(P＝0.019＜0.05),reconnized more animals and hoped improving the quanlity of interpretation board s were significant different(P＝0.037＜0.05);there's no significant difference in the ways,the effects and the desire of conservation education except for the way watching animals among visotors with different occupations(P＝0.015＜0.05).