| How to maximize the protection of biodiversity at a minimum cost has become a pressing issue to conservation biology. To carry out large scale research of priority conservation area for important species, ecosystem is of great significance in order to improve the efficiency of biodiversity conservation. China is one of the world’s enormous diversity countries, its biodiversity occupies a unique place in the world. However, China is also part of a region where biodiversity has suffered a rapid destruction. This paper chose 1951 kinds of key plants,316 kinds of key animals and 241 kinds of important ecological system as research objects, and based on Systematic Conservation Planning and protection planning software C-PLAN, this paper determined the priority areas of biodiversity conservation, then, a GAP analysis was conducted to find the existing conservation Gaps in China. At last, based on more accurate data, this paper took Qinling Mountain as an example to conduct an in-depth research of China’s biodiversity conservation planning. Through the analysis, results are as follows:(1) The priority conservation areas of China’s biodiversity are mainly distributed in the following seventeen areas:Altai region, Tianshan mountains, The Pamirs, Altun region, Qilian mountain, The western region of Inner Mongolia, The Himalayan region, Henduan mountains, Qinling mountains, Xishuangbanna region, The western mountainous areas in Guangxi, The junction mountainous regions of Guangxi,Hunan,Guizhou, Daba mountain, Nanling mountain, Wuyi mountain, The South and Central region of Hainan Island, Changbai mountain. These priority areas are mainly distributed in China’s remote western regions of complex terrain, and concentrated distributed. Priority areas in China’s eastern and southern parts are less and dispersed distributed.(2) Through GAP analysis of the priority conservation areas and national nature reserves, it’s not difficult to find that most of the priority areas have been included in the protected network, protecting 1712 kinds of key plants, 305 kinds of key animals and 137 kinds of ecological systems, protective rate is 88.2%. However, there are still 74 counties are excluded by the reserves, that is to say these areas will be put more attention in the next step, and they are distributed in the following areas:The Pamirs region, The western region of Inner Mongolia, The Tianshan mountains, The western mountainous region of Guangxi, The Altai region, etc. Nature reserves are suggested to establish and expand in order to improve the efficiency of the current protection.(3) The results of biodiversity protection network system planning in Qinling Montain:①the overall distribution pattern of species richness is a zonal distribution along the mountain decreasing from east to west of the mountain and unfolding with a broom shape between the mountains and basins in the east of Qinling Mountain. Furthermore, the species richness in the south slope is much higher than that in the north slope;②four priorities were identified by SCP, including Funiu-Xiong’er mountainous region, Taibai-Foping mountainous region, Hu-Chang’an county, Mian county in Dabashan Mountain north rim;③The conservation gaps were identified by overlaying the priority areas and the national nature reserve. Funiu-Xiong’er mountainous region was basically protected, but its northern and southwestern parts were still outside of nature reserve; Most of Taibai-Foping mountainous region was protected, leaving southern part in a conservation gap; as for Hu-Chang’an county, only a small part was in nature reserve, leaving most of other parts in a gap; Mian county was completely in a conservation gap;④Based on the results of GAP analysis, two new nature reserves and two nature reserves corridors were suggested to establish, three nature reserves were suggested to expand in order to effectively protect the animal and plant resources in Qinling Mountain. |
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