Hu Ming-fu And Early Republic Of China Scientific Ideas

At the end of the Ching dynasty, China was in domestic trouble and foreign invasion, some wide awake people of China began to find a way to save our country. Under such special history & culture background, there was a necessary relationship between the found of Science Society of China and the rise of Westernization Movement, carry out of Reform Movement of 1898, generation of New Culture Movement, what with this corresponding is West modern science introduction and even the Chinese scientific ideological trend production. It is hard to avoid the generalization and ideology of science and the generation of scientism trend in this process. No matter the humanist who encouraged New Culture Movement or Modern China branch school of thought, all of them were possible to lost in scientism trend. As to the advocation of science, no matter which part, they had a general same aim, that is save the nation & scientific initiation. However, with the aim, unlike the humanist scholar, the branch school of thought fell into"the scientific principle"in unintentional tendency, meanwhile, this tendency was in the self-resolution. The reason that has the self-resolution the process, is because that take Hu Ming-fu as representative, the modern China branch school has the profound understanding of the science, mainly on their understanding on scientific method, the spirit of science and the Probability theory. Hu Ming-fu had the same opinion on scientific method, the spirit of science and the Probability theory with other members. The scientific method is the induction and the deduction, the spirit of science is finding the truth, the Probability theory is the uncertainty operation theory and the understanding method for outside things. But he had unique opinions to the above 3 aspects: Firstly, He absorbed the science ideal from Pearson, Poincare and etc. , Analysis of the outside world through the things in the brain presented by the"phantom"and thought that this"phantom"was person's subjective consciousness function. But the human being analyze to the outside things depend on this kind"phantom", the scientific production is the result which by studying the outside things via"the phantom", therefore the science is"produced by the human understanding", finally reasoned"the science is artificial"; Secondly, unlike Wang Xing-gong who tend to the ideal theory, Hu Ming-fu paid more attention to reality, proved the objectivity of Probability. Furthermore, in Hu Ming-fu's mind, the Free Will theory proposed by Zhang Jun-mai was reasonable, that because the objectivity of Probability existed, that means the world is Uncertain, thus left the space to the Free Will theory. Thirdly, as to the understanding of science sprits, Hu Ming-fu thought"Science not by practical beginning, therefore also not by practical finally", on the other side, he admitted science has the practical value, for example, spirit of science may solve problems of morals, politics and society, this demonstrated scientific view of Hu Ming-fu is complex. In addition, Hu Ming-fu's contribution not only express on his compares the rational scientific view & the deconstruction function of the scientism trend, but also he participated in the Chinese science which establishes for Chinese science and culture enterprise's starting and developing, and for the foundation of afterward modern science system establishment & development in China.