Study On The Remote Sensing For Wetland Of The Selincuo Lake In Tibet

With the lakes shrinking, many wetlands disappeared or degraded. That is because of the global climatic variations and the expanding of human activities. Due to the extremely arid climate and inconvenient communication, the research for the wetlands of Tibet has relatively lagged, and there is still a vacant knowledge on the Remote Sensing monitoring and evaluation of Tibetan wetlands. At present, the research on the Tibet wetlands is not enough in our country, and the type, quantity, quality and the spatial distribution pattern of the wetlands are not yet clear. Consequently, basing on the survey for the land and resources of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau by Chinese Geology Investigation Bureau, this paper chooses the SELIN Lake in the hinterland of Qinghai-Tibet plateau as a representative area. The study makes the spatial distribution pattern of the wetland clear, and analyses the reasons of dynamic change. That is a key link of study on eco-environment in Tibet. And then, it is decisive importance that making out some effective protection measures. According to the research, the main productions and conclusions are as follows:(1) Study shows that in this area the chief wetland type is the natural wetlands. The area of lake-wetland is 521.2Km~2, accounting for about 29.3% of the total area, river wetland 937.0 Km, accounting for about 52.6%, marsh wetland 231.0Km~2 , accounting for about 12.9%.(2)On the basis of remote sensing imagery interpretation of the Tibet wetland in 1990 and 2003, the paper gives analysis on the dynamics change wetlands by using appraisal system of wetlands landscape pattern. It shows that the wetland of SELIN Lake is degrading. We can see that the wetland landscape pattern become more fragmented. The number of the wetland plaque is increasing and the perimeter of the plaque is lengthening. The average area of the plaque gradually decreased. But the diversity of wetlands landscape index increase and dominance index decline.(3) Wetlands in SELIN Lake in Tibet have degenerated at certain degrees, the main driving factors can be divided into natural factors and human factors. The natural factors are the climate, hydrology and rodent damage while the human factors include the increase in animal number, tourism and resource exploitation.In view of the results of the analysis and wetlands trend, in order to realize the harmony between local economy and ecology a number of restoration and protection measures should be adopted. That is the guarantee and precondition for the achievement of sustainable development.