Dynamic Changes Of Wetland Landscape Pattern And The Straegies Of Protection In Tianmu Lake Watershed

Tianmu Lake watershed is located in the key area of Yili Mountain and it is an important area with rich species of resources and many rare and endangered birds habitat of the subtropical region in Jiangsu Province.With the rapid development of economy in Liyang City,the disorderly expansion of the Tianmu Lake area resulted in a significant change in the wetland ecological environment.Therefore,with the research methods of remote sensing,GIS technology,land use transfer matrix and landscape pattern indices and so on,this paper takes the Tianmu Lake watershed as the research area and select the research years of 1995,2005 and 2015 to analyze the wetland landscape pattern change of the study area from the perspective of landscape ecology.At the same time,the paper also analyzes the drivers of Wetland landscape pattern changes.On the basis of this,The paper combined with the theory of ecology from the ecological planning and ecological restoration proposes the protection strategies of Tianmu Lake watershed wetland landscape pattern.Get the following conclusions:(1)Based on the land use transfer matrix,degree and importance degree and landscape pattern index,the wetland type change and landscape pattern evolution process and characteristics of Tianmu Lake watershed were analyzed and discussed in depth.The results show that the number of wetland types have a obviously change during the study period,especially in natural wetlands,constructed wetlands,construction land and other land.The process showing a more obvious urbanization process Change of land type structure: the acceleration of urbanization process,the development and construction of land related to economic construction is achieved by squeezing agricultural land,natural wetland and artificial wetland.During the study period,the distribution of patches of various landscape elements tends to be discretized and fragmentation,and the control effect of the land-based land use pattern is increasing.At the same time,due to the guidance of government policy in recent years,the degree of heterogeneity of landscape has been weakened.(2)The analysis of the driving force of wetland landscape pattern change in Tianmu Lake basin shows that climate and hydrology are the main natural driving factors that lead to the change of wetland landscape pattern in Tianmu Lake watershed,while population,urbanization and environment Pollution and policies and regulations are the main human drivers of the changes that lead to their changes.On the basis of this,Through the protection of the source,the optimization of the landscape,the construction of the wetland ecological corridor,the biodiversity,the restoration and management of the water environment,the paper puts forward the measures to protect the wetland landscape pattern in Tianmu Lake watershed.