| Wetland is the kidney of the earth. It plays an important role in environmental health development, biodiversity conservation on earth and so on. Tuhai River estuarine wetland which is interacted between the river and the land, the eco-environment is relatively fragile. Recently, human’s activities have become more and more intense. As a result, the estuarine wetland has been vanished more quickly. Then, based on monitoring of remote sensing and dynamic analysis of wetland pattern of Tuhai River wetland of nearly 15 years, the research puts forward protective countermeasures of Tuhai River wetland. It is expected to provide some guidance for wetland management and conservation planning.This paper established Tuhai River estuarine wetland classification system, extracted wetland resource distribution information of Tuhai estuary, and analyzed the dynamic Change Pattern of the estuarine wetland based on the remote sensing data, geographic information, and text information. And the results of this study are summarized as follows:(1) The Tuhai River wetland classification system has been established, and it extracted the distribution information of the Tuhai River wetland classification. This research has established the Tuhai River estuary wetland secondary classification system based on comprehensive study of characteristics of the research area. According to the nature and causes, it was classified into natural wetland and artificial wetland and the non-wetland. And then, the natural wetlands were divided into meadow, marsh, tidal flats and rivers. Artificial wetlands were divided into reservoir, ditches, ponds, aquaculture water and salt fields. By the method of remote sensing, extracted The Tuhai river estuary wetland classification information of 2000,2006 and 2014 were extracted by the method of remote sensing interpreting.(2) It revealed that the evolving law of Tuhai river estuary wetland landscape in nearly 15 years. The wetland area was 1.09 × 10s ha in 2000, and was 0.97 × 103 ha in 2014. The natural wetland is decreasing significantly, and the artificial wetland is increasing in gradually. From 2000 to 2014, the natural wetland has reduced 4.57 × 104 ha, but Artificial Wetland has increased 3.38×104 ha. The meadow and tidal flats turn out a large area and aquaculture water and salt fields turn into a large area. The meadow, tidal flats and marsh are gradually reducing and the meadows change obviously. The dominant landscape types of wetlands are becoming more and more prominent. The shape of wetland landscape tends to be regular. Landscape diversity and landscape evenness show some fluctuation. The overall trend is the dominant role of the dominant landscape, Different patch types showed uniform distribution. For the nearly 15 years, the centroids of aquaculture water and salt fields, tidal flats and marsh move to the northeast, and the centroid of meadows wetland turns to the direction of southeast.(3) This paper putted forward the protection countermeasure of Tuhai river estuary wetland. Analysis of wetlands degradation causes by studying evolution trend of Tuhai river estuary wetland pattern. Then, it proposed some protection measures on Tuhai river estuary wetland by reducing human development activities, constructing estuarine wetland system, and carrying out scientific research on wetland resources protection. |
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