The Research On Plants Community Ecology And Vegetation Restoration Of Road-region

The traffic has been seemed to be an important implement for region economy harmonized development and human society living level improving, but the contradiction between road construction and environmental protection, has also been attention by road construction engineers, road traffic managers and environment protectors. The road construction process generally spends 3 or 4 years, but the operation of it will lasts for 100 years or even more. So" the road construction and operation both have a great impact on environment of nearby region, especially the highway road, when across the ecological fragile and sensitive region, it's corridor effect takes even more obviously, just like the habitat fragmentation and isolation, population reproduction isolation, breakdown of the stable community spatial patterns, converse vegetation successions, etc.The project of "Niubei to Tianshui highway of main lines of national road-LianHuo" located in Beidao district, Tianshui city, southeast of Gansu province, most parts of the project crossed the Xiaolongshan Forestry Region. This region is situated in the transition area between south brink of temperate zone and subtropical zone in China, the climate are temperate and moist, and suit for forest breeding and growing, even it is the few region that large area of forest distributed over Gansu province.The highway project crossed Maiji, Dangchuan, Baihua, Dongcha four forestry centre of Xiaolongshan forestry region, and how to make sure that minimize or avoid the negative impact of road construction and operation on Road-Region Ecosystem, is the urgent task faced to the project engineers, managers, and environment protectors. And this thesis mainly researched from this view, behind the inspection of all road project line, combined with《Report on hydro-geology reconnaissance of Niubei to Tianshui highway of main lines of national road-LianHuo》,《Report on environmental impact assessment of Niubei to Tianshui highway of main lines of national road-LianHuo》, and other reports which had been finished before this research. Eventually, chose two typical section of the whole road region ecosystem to be the main objective of the research, and hoped to provide some tactics or thinking for road project engineers, designers, constructors, and managers.The first chapter introduced the background and significance of this research, because it can improve the theory research on Road Ecology, but also provide much more practical experience to road projects designer and manager. It introduced the situation of the road ecology and environment protection research progress in China and the whole world.The second chapter introduced the situation of this road project's construction and natural environment in our research region, for providing some fundamental information to our research.The third chapter talked the thinking, contents, and methods. First, talked the thinking of the whole thesis: combined with the facts of road project construction, the natural environment characteristics of the four forestry centre, and be convenient for investigation and management, we divided the whole research area to four Road-Ecosystem Region, and some more Road-Ecosystem Belt, in which we chose some typical Road-Ecosystem Section to be our main research object; Second, we fixed up some sample area in each chosen Road-Ecosystem Section, then investigated the vegetation type and plants community ecology characteristics; In the end, elaborated the methods of the whole research, including "methods and steps of the field vegetable survey, methods of the road ecological regionalization, methods of the calculation to importance value of plant species, methods of the calculation to ecological niches of plant population, methods of the calculation to spatial distribution pattern of plant population, methods of the calculation to species diversity of plant community, and the anticipation methods of secondary succession of plant community".The forth chapter concretely taked the type and region division for the whole Road-Ecosystem, followed by the thinking of the thesis research, we divided the whole road-effect area to four road ecological region: Maiji Forestry Centre Road-Ecology Region, Dangchuan Forestry Centre Road-Ecology Region, Baihua Forestry Centre Road-Ecology Region, and Dongcha Forestry Centre Road-Ecology Region.The fifth chapter researched the community ecological characteristics and diversity of the plant species in each Road-Ecosystem Section, we chose Wenquan Chunnel Road -Ecosystem Section and Huashishan 1# Chunnel Road -Ecosystem Section to be our main research objects. First, calculated and analyzed the importance value of each plant appeared in the Road -Ecosystem Section (both arbor and bush were included in Wenquan Chunnel Road -Ecosystem Section); Second, calculated and analyzed the ecological niches of each plant, including the width and overlaps of ecological niches; Third, analyzed the spatial distribution pattern characteristics of each plant population in the Road -Ecosystem Section, by analysis of Spatial Multi-Scale Pattern and Spatial Point Pattern for plant species; And in the end, concretely analyzed the diversity of the plant species in each Road -Ecosystem Section. The results of the whole research in this chapter mainly provided scientific foundation to the following task of road vegetation restoration and ecological management.The sixth chapter forecasted the secondary succession of plant community and characteristics changing in the Road -Ecosystem Region, such as ecological niche changing, spatial distribution pattern changing, etc. And also discussed the methods of vegetation restoration of the Road-Ecosystem.The final chapter is a conclusive section including the main findings, future study recommendations; nevertheless, the insufficiencies of studies in the dissertation and the new horizon of road ecology deserving the efforts to explore also were introduced.