A Research On Phaeographis And Its Allies From China

Grphidaceae is classified into Ostropales, under Ascomycetes, Ascomycota within the kingdom of Fungi. The species of the family are characterized by the crustose thalli, elongate and wirelike ascocarps, hymenium with parallel parphyses as well as the ascospore with trasverse or muriform septa. The delimitation of genera within the family had been made only by the spore characters since the establish of the genera. The genera, studied by the author in the dissertation, Phaeographis Müll. Arg., Glyphis Ach., Hemithecium Trevis., Leiorreuma Eschw., Platygramme Fée annd Sarcographa Fée of the family, were reported from China on the basis of the old system. A comprehensive characters for delimination of the genera for the family have been prosposed in the recent studies and it is necessary for the author to research these groups of the family mentioned as follows according to the new system.The present studies are based on the materials collected by the author and other collectors, which are conserved in the Herbarium Mycologicum Academiae Sinicae - Lichenes (HMAS-L) and the Lichen Herbarium of the College of Life Sciences in Shandong Agricultural University (LHS). The examination for the genera is made through the morphology, anatomy, chemistry, geography and ecology on the basis of the comprehensive concept. Twenty one species belonging to the following six genera: Phaeographis(10 species), Glyphis(1 species), Hemithecium(3 species), Leiorreuma(2 species), Platygramme(2 species) and Sarcographa(3 species), are reported in this thesis. Among them eight species are new to China: Hemithecium chapadanum (Redgr.) Staiger, Leiorreuma exaltata (Mont. & v. d. Bosch) Staiger, Phaeographis intricans (Nyl.) Staiger, P. leiogrammodes (Krmph.) Müll. Arg., P. subdividens (Leight.) Müll. Arg., Platygramme pachyspora (Redgr.) Staiger, Sarcographa heteroclita (Mont.) Zahlbr. and Sarcographa medusulina (Nyl.) Müll. Arg.. Three of them are peculiarly to China: Phaeographis heterochroides Zahlbr., P. lidjiangensis Zahlbr. and P. pruinifera Zahlbr. The keys to the species are given in the thesis. Each species is provided with a detailed description, and the discussion between each species is also given.The geographical analysis of the taxa in the thesis showed that they belong to six geographical elements: Tropical element (4 species), Tropical-American and Tropical-Asian element (7 species), Tropical-Asian to Tropical-Oceanian element (4 species),Tropical-Asian element (3 species), and Element endemic to China respectively(3 species).The data and information gained from this study should be helpful to the farther systematic research of Graphidaceae as well as the research on the diversity of lichenised fungi in the future, and redound to the compilation of the Lichen Flora to China.