Study On Landscape Pattern For South-to-North Water Transfers

"South-to-North Water Transfers" is an important project in our country, having theimportant strategic signification. The East Route Project of South to North Water Transferfundamentally solves the water resources short problem in North China, maintenningsocietical, economical, ecological sustainable development. This paper takes the East Routearea contaminated of South to North Water Transfer (Nansi Lake to Dongping Lake) as item,and studys systemly the region landscape pattern, based on landscape ecology theory and theresearch technique.The paper discussed the regional ecological problems, by investigating and analyzing,with GIS. It canvassed the landscape pattern, evaluated landscape stability, and put forwardenvironmental problems in this area. The main conclusions are as follows. (1) Characterists of the landscape pattern on studying area is taking the farming asbackground, other landscape types assume the non-uniformity to mount the distribution. Thepercentage of various landscape types obvious non-uniformity, Shannon's Diversity Index islow, landscape heterogeneity is unobvious. Various landscapes type distributes obviously,patch shape that influencaed by Human activity is regulater than that influenced by the natureand human activity. Analysis on patch shape index, the result is that the patch shape of waterbody is most complicated of all landscape types, and the shape of agricultural fields is morecomplicated than that of constructed lands.Stating landscape pattern indexes, the author got the following conclusion. Agriculturalfields have comparative advantage, which is about 66.42% of the whole area. Landscapefragmentation degree of studying area is lower. Fragmentation degree of agricultural fields islagest, which is 0.6614, the other is lower. Diversity of agricultural fields is also lagest.Fractal dimension index of every landscape type has not obvious difference, which is aboutbetween 1.3 and 2.0, but fractal dimension index is largest in lake with complex shape, about1.9984. Comparing agricultural fields with the lake, the shape is simlper. (2) The key elements of landscape and landscape ecosystem are dynamic change. Thestability of the landscape is shown as the stability of the key element of the landscape andstability of the landscape ecosystem. Because of the influence in factors, such as weather,vegetation, soil, etc.... the stability of key element of the landscape of the studying area isrelatively low. Meanwhile, landscape ecosystems of the studying area have been rising. Itshows: the benefit of output of grain-production and forest-production, that is to say, thefluctuation rate of the per unit area yield of grain-production and forest-production is low.Their values below threshold value of landscape stability that is acted by the even fluctuatingrate of the net primary productivities of vegetations at natural.At last, problems of landscape pattern for soil using are discussed, and the resolvingecological measure is put forward, based on studying of landscape pattern.