Study On Landscape Dynamic Of Hailaer Districtof Hulunbuir

Using the soft ware of geographical system information (Arcinfo), combining the field survey materials, we have dealt with 1989 , 2002 Hailaer district TM remote sensing data, and carried on the division of the landscape type of Hailaer district, and chosen 5 representative quantitative indices about measuring the landscape structure, analyzed the change characteristics of the landscape pattern in various years . Studies have shown: (1) Landscape of Hailaer district can be divided in to 5 landscape type of first class , 11 second landscape types , 24 tertiary landscape type. (2)The forest landscape of Hailaer district is composed of by the camphor tree sub pinewood landscape , landscape of artificial forest and landscape of shrub forest of sandy land, and landscape of artificial forest is dominant absolutely. The diversified index is very low, comparing with 1989.The area of forest landscape of 2002 increased by 2 times in Hailaer district, among them the area of landscape of artificial forest has been changed the most remarkably, the broken degree of forest landscape is reduced notably, and the diversified index presents the downward trend. (3)The grassland landscape of Hailaer district can be divided in to 3 second grassland landscape type of grassy marshland(29. 14%,), typical grassland landscape(56. 55%),, grassland land of sandy land (14. 31% ). Compared with 1989, the whole area of the grassland landscape has been reduced by 13. 96%. Among them the area of grassland landscape of grassy marshland reduces by 16. 96%, the area of landscape of typical grassland reduces by 8. 37%, the area of grassland landscape of sandy land reduces by 27. 27%. landscape patches in the grassland obviously reduced, broken degree, advantage degree drop, too. (4) The change of the landscape of typical grassland is very obviously, the area of landscape of typical grassland of the standing grain grass has been reduced by 26. 56%. Landscape separate degree increases slightly and area of degenerated grassland landscape of middle degreeincrease by 11. 71 %, in which average area of patchs become bigger notably and the separate degree is on the rise. The area of seriously degenerated grassland landscape increase most remarkably (increases by 77. 69%), and it has develop which is from spot bulk of 1989, quantity of spots dropped notably, an area of average spot increases rapidly, separated degree of the landscape is obviously reduced; (5)The wetland landscape of Hailaer district can be divided into two types of river-wetland landscape and lake-wetland landscape, among them the area of river-wetland landscape accounts for 84. 56%, the whole area of the wetland landscape has been reduced by 7.42% compared with 1989. Average area of patchs drop, patch numbers, the degree of landscape decrement is strengthened, the diversified index is not changed obviously. (6) Agricultural landscape can be divide into drought farmland landscape of high plain and farmland landscape of hills drought, the area of farmland landscape of high plain preponderate (account for 89. 69%), the area of 2002 farmland landscape has increased by 16.51% compared with 1989, among them the area of the farmland landscape of hills drought, increases by 74. 12%, the number of patchs increased notably, separate degree drops; The area of farmland landscape of high plain has increased by 10. 36%, the number of patchs, the degree of landscape decrement is not obvious.