| Russ nationality in China is a minority with a very small population, of which physical characteristics data has not been reported. Therefore, Russ nationality's physical characteristics in Erguna city of Inner Mongolia were investigated during July in 2003. The subjects who had been measured are 186 males and 150 females living in Shiwei Russ banner. The researched items include 9 somatoscopy items, 58 anthropometry ones in which the ten items are obtained indirectly, and 36 indexes derived from the above-mentioned items. In order to reveal the physical characteristics of Russ nationality, the characteristics of head, face and body, skinfold thicknesses, adipose distribution, girth of some portion of the body, somatotypes and so on were studied, by means of combining the somatoscopy items with anthropometry ones. And the physical characteristics differences between Russ nationality and other minorities were analyzed by the Multivariate Statistical Analysis method——hierarchical cluster and principal components. Besides of this, we compared Russ nationality with some other groups in Russia. The conclusions are as follows: ⑴The hair color of Russ nationality is dark, while skin color and eye color are light. The blue, brown and light brown eye is more often. The majority has the eyefold of the upper eyelid (Male 98.39%, Female 90.67%). About 1/3 people has Mongoloid fold (Male 36.56%, Female 34.0%). The cephalic index belongs to hyperbrachycephaly (Male 40.9%, Female 52.7%) or brachycephaly (Male 39.8%, Female 31.3%), hypsicephalic type (Male 77.4%,Female 84.7% ), tapeinocephalic type (Male 61.83% , Female 51.33% ). The major morphological facial type is mesoprosopy (Male 26.88%,Female 28.67% ). The breadth of interocular, mouth and nose is small, meanwhile the nasal root is especially high (leptorrhiny: Male 62.37%,Female 58.0%),and the wings of nose is weak and the lip is thin. The type of ear lobe is round frequently. ⑵The means of stature of male and female are 167.67 centimeter and 155.85 centimeter respectively. The span of arms (Male 171.89cm,Female 157.26cm) is longer than the stature. The mesolength or makrolength of trunk, mesatiskelic type, broad chest circumference, broad breadth of shoulder and broad breadth of crisla iliaca are observed in high percentage. The means of body weight are 69.66 kilogram in male and 62.61 kilogram in female. Rohrer index shows the dumpy somatotype is more (Male 42.47%,Female 60%) than others. ⑶For Russ nationality, the average somatotype is Endomorphic Mesomorphin in male(3.3-5.8-1.7)and Ectomorph-Endomorph in female(5.7-6.2-1.1). They have a burly body, broad skeleton and thick hypodermal fat, especially for the female. ⑷The most of anthropometric items show sexual dimorphism clearly. ⑸Some of the physical characteristics in Russ nationality show age-related variations. The variations of stature and the height (length) of body are conspicuous, while the variations of anthropometry of head and face are not. ⑹The physical characteristics of Russ nationality are similar to Uzbek nationality's and some other groups'in Xinjiang and Inner Mongolia, but different from groups in the South of China. ⑺The physical characteristics of Russ nationality show the typical characteristics of Mongolian race, while some characteristics are near to European race. In this paper, we analyzed roundly the Russ nationality's characteristics of head, face and body, skinfold thicknesses, adipose distribution, girth ofsome portion of the body, somatotypes and so on. So far, this compositive method is not often in the same research. Moreover, the results of Biceps skinfold and body girth are the first reported.
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