The Basic Applied Study In Five Species Of Artemisia In Xinjiang

The author studies the five species of Artemisia in Xinjiang , A. tournefortiana Reichb. , A. annua L. ,A. dracunculus L. ,A. leucophylla (Turcz.ex Bess.) Clarke ,A. vulgaris L. in resource ,comparative anatomy ,volatility composition analysis ,extractive content comparison , fatty acid composition analysis , total flavonoids analysis , rutin content and total flavonoids content comparison ,extraction and stability of the green pigment and etc .According to the research of comparative anatomy , the difference of leaf structure of A. tournefortiana Reichb. , A. annua L. , A. dracunculus L. , A. leucophylla (Turcz.ex Bess.) Clarke , A. vulgaris L. is evident .Among them the leaf of A.dracunculus L. is isobilateral leaf , the ones of the other four species are bifacial leaves .But the structure of the stems and roots of the five species has no evident difference . For the first time the volatility compositions of the five species of Artemisia in Xinjiang are analysed and studied by GC-MS , the 140 components are identified , the 27 compounds are mutual among or between them .Each of them has individual superiority component in themselves compositions ,explaining that their main compositions distribute more concentratedly .The difference of sorts and contents of volatility composition of the five species from Artemisia is evident , and it is a main component in one species, and probably it is a non-main component in another species, having fully embodied difference between them .The extractive colour in the five species of Artemisia is not identical completely .Taking a sample under the identical circumstances ,the extraction content of the fruit and leaf is the highest ,that of the stern is the second place ,and that of the root is the lowest ,thus the position of the fruit and leaf can be selected in the optimum place when extraction is extracted .Through comparing the extraction content of the whole herbal of them ,the slush of Aannua L. is the highest ,that of A.leucophylla (Turcz.exBess.) Clarke, A.tournefortianaReichb., A. vulgaris L. is the second place, and that of A.dracunculus L. is the lowest .For the first time the fatty acid compositions of the five species of Artemisia are analysed by the gas chromatography, and there are many kinds of fatty acid components in them, the amount of them is different from different species . Through analysing the components of the total flavonoids ,it is known that compounds of flavonoids of their stems are the flavone and flavonol. For the first time the rutin contents of their stems are ascertained by the dual-wavelength thin layer scanning, and the contents of the totalflavonoids of the stems from the five species of Artemisia are determinted by the A1(NO3)3 color , and rutin as the standard pattern . It is known with contents ,the stem of the five species of Artemisia has 3-4 kinds flavonoids at least .The rutin content of the stems in A.tournefortiana Reichb. , A. dracunculus L. ,A. leucophylla (Turcz. ex Bess.) Clarke , A.vulgaris L. ,A. annua L. is 0.262% , 0.138% , 0.131% , 0.074% , 0.066% in turn .The total flavonoids content in A. tournefortiana Reichb., A.annua L. ,A. leucophylla(Turcz. ex Bess.)Clarke , A.vulgaris L. , A.dracunculus L. is 0.544% , 0.491% , 0.396% ,0.339% , 0.328% in turn .For the first time the green pigment of A.vulgaris L.is extracted by the solventing extraction, and the stability of it is studied too .The influence on the green pigment of A.vulgaris L. is not very clear from the different thickness NaCl ,Vc ,K+ ,Mg2+ ,Ca2+ ,glucose,sucrose and citric acid .There is a clear influence on the green pigment of A.vulgaris L. from Na2SO3 .The green pigment can not endure oxide .As using and preserving the green pigment ,it should be avoided contacting iron and copper container .It provides the science gist for the development and utlization of the five species of Artemisia in Xinjiang through the mentioned above.