Genetic Variation And Evolution Of Bisexual Artemia

Genetic Variation and Evolution of Bisexual Artemia Abstract:The brine shrimp Artemia is normally restricted to saline inland lakes and coastal salterns. It belongs to Crustasea, Branchiopoda, Anostacea, Artemidae and Artemia. At least six bisexual species and many parthenogenetic species are currently recognized in Artemia.The six bisexual species are: A.franciscana, A.persimilis, A.monica, A.urmiana, A.tunisan and A.sinica. 40 RAPD primers and 17 ISSR primers were used to assess genetic variation and interrelationship among eleven strains Artemia. 40RAPD primers revealed 82.81ï¼… polymorphism. About 424 ploymorphic genetic loci in 512 genetic loci are amplified and the amplified DNA fragments varied in size from approximat ely 3500bp to 150bp. The numberof bands are from 5 to 17 per primer. The range of genetic distances among eleven strains is from 0.1549 to 0.5783. 17 ISSR primers revealed 93.49ï¼… polymorphism. About 158 ploymorphic genetic loci in 169 obtained genetic loci are amplified and the amplified DNA fragments varied in size from approximately 3000bp to 150bp. The numberof bands are from 1 to 17 per primer. The range of genetic distances among eleven strains is from 0.3009 to 0.7333.The dendrograms based on RAPD and ISSR data clearly indicated that eleven strains Artemia are divided into four species. A first group contains two American populations all belonging to A.franciscana.A second specie is A.persimilis. There is closely relationship between A.persimilis and A.franciscan. A third cluster is constituted by all populations from China and by a strain from Kazahstan. The populations from Tibet are close to each other, and the strain from Kazahstan has closely relationship with them. The populations from Inner Mongolia are close to each otherand the strain from Yuncheng has closely relationship with them. Finally, the strain from Iran constitutes the fourth specie.