| The genus Troides is one of three genera of birdwing butterflies with the natural beauty. They occur the particular and important position in butterfly resources from China.In the present thesis the molecular taxonomy on 5 species belonging to Troides, of which 3 species are from China and 2 species are from Indonesian, is studied by means RAPD(random amplified polymorphic DNA) and DNA sequencing.The results are as follows:1. Based on the different number of black spots at submarginal area of male hindwing of Triodes Helena spilotia Rothschild, it is classed in 3 basic forms, named:a. forma unipunctata, 1 black spot all of a size at submarginal area of hindwing.b. forma polypunatata, 5-6 black spots all of a size at submarginal area ofhindwing.c. forma olygopunatata, 2-4 black spots all of size or different size. It istransition from unipunctata to polypunatata. These spot forms belong to dominant hereditary.2. Relationship of 4 species groups of the genus Troides(s. st) is: T. haliphron group +T. amphrysus group + (T. helena group +T. aeacus group). T. helena group is closely related to T. aeacus group. T. amphrysus group and T. haliphron group are independent branches respectively.3. The great genetic differentiations occur between the population distributing in Taiwan province and the population distributing in the continent of China. The geographical isolation and island effect promote the speciation in species of the genus Troides. It is the reason why there are the rich troid and other butterfly resources in islanded region or country, for example Indonesian.4. The improved method of CTAB isolation of total DNA is suitable for extraction of total DNA from insects of Troides.5. RAPD method is accurate and quick for identification of species group, species, subspecies and forms on the genus Troides and other Butterflies6. ND5gene sequencing is a good method for studying genetic differentiation and constructing phylogenetic tree.
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