The Review Of The Discovery And Early Researches Of X-Rays

In the thesis the discovery and the early researches before 1930s of X-rays are reviewed and studied.The thesis consists of three chapters.In the first chapter, the background of the discovery, the course of discovery and the significance or influence of X rays are illuminated. Roentgen's communications and a newspaper's report for Roentgen are referred.In the second chapter, the early study history of X rays is reviewed. (1895-1930s)This chapter includes six sections. Firstly, in this section the progress of X-ray knowledge for more than ten years since 1895 when X rays were discovered is introduced; slow development is stressed. Following it, the author analyzes the scientists' research course who had won the Nobel Prize in physics in the field of X-rays. They are: Max von Laue, Henry Bragg and Lawrence Bragg, Charles Glover Barkla, Marine Siegbahn and Arthur H. Compton. And their study setting, research methods and their thinking process are analyzed, at the same time, the close connection in their research work and thinking is concerned, and they sufficiently used the results which had been made by the other scientists, and efficiently used their predominance to make the new findings. Some conclusions and inspiration to set up new method or approach for studying are obtained. Whereas the situation and the study production of the scholars in our country or abroad, the author tries to study these winners in X-ray field in whole or in system and in a deeper and wider angle of view. Besides, the analysis above bases on original references mostly. Considering the related history in whole, several scientists' study work is introduced who are not the Nobel Prize winners, but they had made great contributions in the evolvement of X-rays.In the third chapter, a comprehensive view of the history of the discovery of X rays and the early research work is made. There are two problems discussed which the author realizes more deeply. Firstly, that X rays brought deep impact to the development ofphysics in two aspects is showed. Secondly, the concept of continuity is " borrowed" from mathematics. From two angles of background and acceding and development, the author finally makes the conclusion that the development of physics in X-ray field in this period is continuous.