Studies On Genetic Diversity And Evolution Of Lilium Sulphureum Baker Apud Hook.f.in Yunnan

Lilium sulphureum Baker apud Hook. f. belonged to Lilium L. in Liliaceae. On the base of classification of morphology, we studied morphology, cytology and molecular biology of Lilium sulphureum Baker apud Hook. f. in Yunnan By principles of population biology. We synthetically discussed intraspecific differentiation and evolution, from four biotic levels of population, individual, cell and gene.Intraspecific differentiations in morphology were investigated firstly. The results indicated that there are varied polymorphsim within populations, and obvious polytypism among populations. Varieties of flowering colors present cline. Specially, variations of flowering colors within Puer population are many and varied. Longs and widths of perianths as well as longs of stamens are continuous variation of quantitative characters. Variations of morphology are connected to gene mutation, chromosomal vary and pollination pattern. Studies on morphology are foundations of studies on cytology and molecular biology, and provide sources for heredity breeding.Karyotypes of Lilium sulphureum Baker apud Hook. f. among populations, within populations as well as within clones were studied firstly. Studies on karyotypes among populations indicated that all the karyotypes belonged to Stebbins'3B type. Forms of chromosomes were divided into two groups. One group consists of four types of chromosomes (m, sm, st, t), which includes Dawan population, Laoyingdi population, Eshan population, Yimen population and Yupingshan population. The other group consists of three types of chromosomes(m, 3st. t), which includes Baoshan population, Mouding population, Puer population, Shuangbai population and Yuanyang population. Karyotype formulas are as follows: 2n=2x-24=4m(4SAT)+2sm+14st( 1 SAT)+4t, 2n-2x=24=4m(4SAT)+4sm( 1SAT)+6st +1 Ot, 2n=2x=24=4m(4SAT)+4sm( 1 SAT)+12st+4t, 2n=2x=24=4m(4SAT)+8st( 1 SAT) +12t, 2n=2x=24=4m(4SAT)+4st(lSAT)+16t, 2n=2x=24=4m(4SAT)+12st(lSAT)+ 8t. There are polymorphsim of satellite chromosome, chromosomal structure variations and B-chromosome among and within populations. Environmental heterogeneity promote happen of structural variations. Facultative apomixes preserve the variations. Studies on karyotypes wihin clones indicated that all the karyotypes belonged to Stebbins'3B type. There are different karyotype formulas, polymorphsim of satellite chromosome, variations of chromosomal structure and B-chromosome in clones. Chromosomal mutation is important factor of chromosomal structure variations within clones.Genetic diversities were investigated by ISSR-PCR firstly. 8 primers generated 154 bands, of which 139(90.26%) populationally and 152 (98.70%) individually were polymorphic respectively. Each of primers has different PBB among populations. Different primers have different PBB in each of populations. Lilium sulphureum Baker apud Hook. f. are divided into two groups by analysis of softwares. One group includes Mouding population and Puer population. The other group includes Dawan population. Laoyingdi population, Baoshan population, Yimen population, Yupingshan population and Shuangbai population. In addition, hierarchical relationships of populations were studied.Put together, there are obvious intraspecific differentiations in Lilium sulphureum Baker apud Hook. f. in Yunnan. The genetic diversities, adaptation and evolution were connected to different pressure of selection and facultative apomixes. The study has important meaning of theory for evolutional study on plants in Lilium, and meaning of reality for development and utilization of the lily flower.