| The spatial pattern analysis is the core question in landscape ecology research. In this paper analysis of landscape pattern and dynamic process in class level and landscape level of before blinding,during blinding and after convey water a three stage in recent 50 years from Dashkol reservoir to Tetima lake of lower reaches of Tarim river , and we discussed the drive forces of landscape changes. Quantitative evaluation recover process of natural vegetation,potential of ecological restore and composite results. Provide data base for enrich study of arid area ecological restore and contribute to theory and decision of space for sustainable development.This research selection toward the cross-straits 12 km from center line of perpendicularity course of river center for study region and by choosing aerial and satellite remote sensing data of the year 1959,1973,1989,2000 and 2008 for data source. Firstly, the preparative works were including geographic correction, the geographic correction was calculated by ENVI4.6 software, based on field investigation and supplementary data were visual interpretive by GIS (geographic information system) software ArcMap9.2. Secondly, landscape pattern index were calculated by putting grid data into software Fragstats3.3. Then, under the support of software ArcMap9.2, ENVI4.6 and ArcView3.2, the vector data was converted to grid data which was gotten from the interactive method under several processes, including topology, cutting, and projection conversion. Finally, the study analyzed the dynamic changes of landscape structure by using conversion matrixes of landscape types, including1959to 1973, 1973to 1990, 1990to 2000and2000to 2008. Consequently, by adopting artificial and natural factors, another correlation analysis between landscape changes and driving forces for this study analyzed driving forces of the changes of landscape pattern. The result indicated that the climate change,water inflow change and expand of area under cultivation is a principal driving force of the landscape pattern changes.Conclusion:(1) The past 50 years, man-made structure on the spatial and temporal changes in natural water resources environmental degradation and ecological damage is an important reason. References lead to excessive surface water downstream of the river and Tetima Lake dried up; Excessive pumping of groundwater leading to depletion of groundwater sources or groundwater level decline; With the rapid increase in the upper reaches of the population, while the cultivated area on which food production is also growing. Incorrect irrigation and agricultural technical measures unreasonable degree of mineralization of groundwater increased dramatically while the secondary salinization occurred, together with the interaction of regional climate change, resulting in landscape patch density, largest patch index and area-weighted mean shape index continued to increase, the nearest-neighbor distance between patches decreased, the landscape of different patch types of reunions, extended degree of decrease, leading to increase in the overall landscape heterogeneity, deepening the degree of landscape fragmentation, separation decreases, reduce the diversity of the landscape.(2) Ecological water transport in 2000, the Tarim River ecology and environment improvement. Area of significant natural vegetation, to the 2008 forest, shrub, herb and water area in 2000 increased 138.95km~2, 116.60km~2, 119.95km~2 and 19.93km~2; Increase the percentage of 3.8%, 2.3%, 2.4% and 0.4%; The bare and sandy area in 2000 were reduced 114.08km~2 and 341.35km~2, reduce the percentage of 2.3% and 6.6%, Description of ecological effects of clear.
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