Study On Environmental Impact Of Coastal Zone's Development Activities And Sustainable Development Ability Of Liaoning Province

Coastal zone is a highly developed and utilized area, which enjoys special territorial advantage and contains aboundant resource. Many activities, such as the protection of marine ecosystem and the exploition of ocean resource, are all centralized there. With the process of the industrialization and urbanization, the coast area is facing the heavy pressures of population, wastes discharging, sea transport, industry and recreation that increases day by day, all these make the coastal zone extremely fragile and easy to be threatened.This article describes the development activities of the coastal zone environment and sustainable development capacity effects of previous major research, collects and collates relevant information on the Coastal Zone of Liaoning Province, and does researches on the environmental effects of development activities from five area s of reclamation activities, open type culture, ports, shipping, tourism, sand mining. Research shows that from 1990-2009, the reclamation area of Liaoning Province increased year by year, the natural shoreline diminishes with the reclamation activities since 1990, mainly area of the Gulf decreases from 1367 square kilometers to 1116 square kilometers with a decrease of 18.4%, estuaries and tidal resources area are occupied by reclamation activities and a large number of islands lose their independence; the bottom sowing culture has no effect on the quality of sea water, but the floating raft aquaculture activities have some damage on marine water quality; port shipping and tourism development activities, for the entire port shipping areas and tourist areas, has no clear trend effects; sand mining activities increase coastal erosion.In this study, the evaluation index system of Liaoning coastal zone sustainable development based on the "Pressure-State-Response" frame model is structured, and applies quantitative regional assessment index to estimate sustainable development capacity of the six coastal cities in Liaoning, integrating system of indicators of the main points, and receives sustainability evaluation results of six coastal city in Liaoning Province. The results shows that the overall sustainable development of coastal area in Liaoning is bad, and regional sustainability evaluation scores are 0.49, being non-sustainable development criteria. Huludao City and Dalian score greater than 0.6, being essential for sustainable development; Yingkou score greater than 0.5, less than 0.6, being the weak level of sustainable development; Panjin, Dandong, Jinzhou scores less than 0.5, being basically non-sustainable development.To solve the current and long-term coastal zone problems, and ensure the sustainable development of coastal zones, it is essential to do regional environment comprehensive treatment and improve the marine function zoning system and integrated coastal zone management.