National And Comparative Philosophy Of Science

As a scientific understanding of philosophy,Philosophy of science,is essentially a reflection of social existence and a concentrated expression of national scientific attitude and scientific method. Philosophy of science in different countries has made some achievements,but philosophy of science is different in different countries. Each country's philosophy of science has its own characteristics. It is necessary to compare the similarities and differences of scientific philosophies in different countries,thus we make the causes of differences among theories clear and understand the inner motive power of the change of scientific philosophy. Some scholars advocate launching comparative philosophy of science,putting forward four dimensions——the first one is the comparison of the themes of philosophy of science; the second is the contextual comparison of the generation and evolution of the philosophical thought; the third is the comparison of national philosophy of science; the last is reveal the rules of thought in order to demonstrate the future. This paper identifies with this theory and probes into philosophy of science from the third aspect.Now,many scholar are researching the comparative study on the themes and contexts of philosophy,and have made a lot of achievements. But compared to these two aspects,the current national philosophy of science research is at the beginning stage. With the process of globalization,we gradually pay more and more attention to every ethnic characteristic. Engels pointed out "very early in the position of each nation,at least in the modern,until today in our philosophy of history is not fully are expounded,or more precisely,also didn't be elaborated".In comparative study,the importance of the nationality of philosophy of science should be paid attention to,but the academia lacks of profound understanding of the connotation of the nationality. This paper from the perspective of nationality compares the development of philosophy of science in different countries,putting forward the study mode of the nationality of philosophy of science,thus compares the differentiation which is brought about by the development of the nationality,and then compares the differentiation between the western and eastern philosophy of science. Besides,this paper makes an attempt to make a comparative analysis on the internal differences of philosophy of science in western countries such as England,Germany and the United States and finally compares the similarities and differences of philosophy of science between China and the Soviet union within the framework of Marxist traditions,thus makes some revelation to the development of philosophy of science.