| The report of the 20 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China proposed that "Chinese path to modernization is used to promote the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation","Chinese path to modernization is the modernization of common prosperity for all people",and "strive to promote common prosperity for all people and resolutely prevent polarization".Since entering the new era of socialism with Chinese characteristics,the Party Central Committee has placed common prosperity in a more important position,led the Chinese people to build a moderately prosperous society in an all-round way,started a new journey of building a socialist modern country in an all-round way,made great progress in promoting common prosperity,and made a series of major strategic arrangements for further promoting common prosperity.The core of farmers’ common prosperity in rural areas is the increase of farmers’ income.The problems of rural hollowing out,farmers’ aging and agricultural marginalization are becoming increasingly serious.The foundation of rural development is weak and the level of industry is low.Promoting the growth of farmers’ income is facing great challenges.It is an important way to promote the growth of farmers’ income by deepening the reform of rural system,optimizing the allocation of rural factors and stimulating the vitality of rural development.The "separation of three rights" of rural land is the core of the rural system reform,which has an important impact on the distribution of rural collective rights and interests,the allocation of rural factors and the flow of urban and rural factors.It is a major institutional innovation to promote rural economic and social development,and has a role in promoting the growth of farmers’ income.After years of pilot practice and continuous improvement,the "separation of three rights" of rural land was written into the Rural Land Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China and the Civil Code of the People’s Republic of China in 2019 and 2021 respectively,becoming a long-term and stable rural land property rights system arrangement.A thorough study of the internal logic of the impact of the "separation of three rights" of rural land on the growth of farmers’ income is of reference significance for further deepening the reform of the rural land system and solidly promoting the common prosperity of farmers and rural areas.On the basis of systematically sorting out relevant documents,this paper analyzes the theoretical mechanism of the impact of the "division of three rights" of rural land on farmers’ household income and various incomes by using economic theories such as property rights system and income distribution,systematically combs the changes of China’s rural land system and farmers’ income in the past 100 years,and constructs an econometric model to empirically test the theoretical analysis,It also verifies that the rural land circulation is the intermediary way for the "division of three rights" of rural land to play the role of increasing farmers’ income.On this basis,it expands and studies the quantitative impact of the rural land circulation on the income of transfer-in and transfer-out farmers,and finally puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the "division of three rights" of rural land to promote farmers’ income growth,including the following seven chapters.Chapter 1 is the introduction,which introduces the research background,research significance,research ideas,research content,research methods,innovation and shortcomings of this paper.Chapter 2 is literature review,which systematically combs the research literature on rural land property rights system,farmers’ income,and the impact of rural land "division of three rights" on farmers’ income,and makes brief comments,laying a foundation for further research in the following article.Chapter 3 summarizes the historical evolution of rural land property rights system and the current situation of farmers’ income,summarizes the historical evolution process of rural land "division of three rights" and farmers’ income growth.Since the founding of the Communist Party of China,China’s rural land system has been continuously improved,and has gone through the transformation process of rural land private ownership,collective ownership,"separation of two rights" and "separation of three rights".This chapter divides this historical period into four stages: the period of the new democratic revolution,the period of socialist construction,the period of reform and opening up,and the period of the 18 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China.It introduces the land property rights system in each stage and its impact on farmers’ income.Chapter 4 is about the mechanism of the "division of three rightsn" of rural land affecting farmers’ income.On the one hand,it introduces the basic principle of the property rights system affecting farmers’ income,and analyzes the impact of the "division of three rights" of rural land on farmers’ family income,as well as on business income,wage income,property income and transfer income from the perspective of the "division of three rights" of rural land affecting land circulation and thus affecting farmers’ income.On the other hand,expand the analysis of the impact of rural land circulation on the household income and business income,wage income,property income and transfer income of farmers who have transferred in and out.Chapter 5 is the empirical test of the impact of the "division of three rights" of rural land on farmers’ household income and various incomes,and the construction of the propensity score matching double difference model(PSM-DID)to empirically test the impact of the "division of three rights" of rural land on farmers’ household income and the operational income,wage income,property income and transfer income in the composition of household income,And verify that the rural land circulation plays an intermediary role in the rural land "separation of three rights" to play the role of increasing farmers’ income.Chapter 6 is the empirical test of the impact of rural land circulation on the income of transfer-in and transfer-out farmers.The average processing effect model(PSM-ATT)is constructed to empirically test the impact of rural land circulation on the household income of transfer-in and transfer-out farmers and the operational income,wage income,property income and transfer income in the composition of household income.Chapter 7 is the basic conclusion and suggestions.According to the theoretical analysis,historical evolution and empirical test results,this chapter summarizes the basic conclusions of this paper,and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to further improve the rural land "three rights" reform and promote farmers’ income growth.Through the research in the above chapters,the main conclusions are as follows:(1)The "separation of three rights" of rural land has an important impact on the income of farmers’ families,as well as the operational income,wage income,property income and transfer income of farmers.The "separation of three rights" of rural land has significantly promoted the income growth of farmers’ families by affecting various incomes.(2)Through the study of the construction of the intermediary mechanism effect model,it is found that the rural land circulation is an important intermediary mechanism that the "separation of three rights" of rural land affects farmers’ family income and business income,wage income,property income and transfer income.Through the heterogeneity analysis,it is found that the regional economic development,the proportion of cultivated land area,the per capita cultivated land area and the topographic relief are the important factors that affect the "division of three rights" of rural land to play the role of increasing farmers’ income.(3)Rural land circulation has different impacts on the household income of different types of farmers(transfer-in and transfer-out households),and on the operational income,wage income,property income and transfer income of different types of farmers.The main innovation of this article is:First,from the perspective of research,we study the growth of farmers’ income from the perspective of the composition of farmers’ family income.The existing research on the impact of the "division of three rights" of rural land on farmers’ income does not distinguish between family income and business income,wage income,property income and transfer income in the composition of family income.There are few systematic studies on the impact of the "division of three rights" of rural land on farmers’ income within the same analytical framework.Therefore,this paper systematically analyzes the mechanism of rural land "division of three rights" affecting farmers’ household income and various incomes,and conducts empirical tests.Secondly,from the aspect of research methods,we construct the propensity score matching double difference model(PSM-DID)for quantitative analysis.There are few studies on the quantitative analysis of the impact of rural land "division of three rights" on farmers’ income in the existing literature,mainly based on theoretical analysis.This paper uses the propensity score matching double difference model(PSM-DID)to empirically test the problem.First,it analyzes the quantitative impact of rural land "division of three rights" on farmers’ household income.The second is the quantitative analysis of farmers’ operating income,wage income,property income and transfer income.The third is to verify that the rural land circulation is an important intermediary mechanism for the "division of three rights" of rural land to play the role of increasing income.Through the heterogeneity analysis,it is found that the level of regional economic development,the proportion of cultivated land,the per capita area of cultivated land,and the terrain fluctuation are the factors that affect the "division of three rights" of rural land to play the role of increasing income of farmers.Third,from the aspect of the research expansion,On the basis of the empirical test of the quantitative impact of the "division of three rights" of rural land on farmers’ household income and various incomes,further construct the average processing effect model of propensity score(PSM-ATT)to empirically test the quantitative impact of rural land transfer on the income of transfer-in and transfer-out households,as well as operational income,wage income,property income and transfer income. |
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