Vertical Coordination Model And Realization Mechanism Of Green And High Quality Food Supply Chain

General Secretary Xi Jinping instructed that we should extend the food industry chain,enhance the value chain,create supply chains,and continuously improve the quality efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture.In the new stage of development,with the improvement of China’s national strength,the growth of residents’ income and the increasing concern about food safety,domestic food consumption has been upgraded,and the contradiction between food supply and demand has changed from a total shortage to a structural contradiction.On the other hand,the food industry has entered a stage of high-quality development,transforming and upgrading to green quality.The “No.1 Central Document” has pointed out for five consecutive years(2019-2023)that the ‘high-quality grain project’ should be thoroughly implemented,among which the " five excellent linkage " is an important starting point.“Five-Good Linkage ” is an important measure to alleviate the structural contradiction between grain supply and demand and promote the high-quality development of grain industry from the industrial level.At the supply chain level,it is necessary to promote the transformation of traditional grain supply chain to green quality through effective vertical coordination.Therefore,this paper studies the vertical coordination mode and implementation mechanism of green high-quality grain supply chain,and tries to answer the following questions: First,what is the development status of China’s green high-quality grain supply chain? Where are the “pain points” in the vertical coordination of green and quality food supply chains? Secondly,what kind of vertical coordination model can effectively promote the transformation of traditional grain supply chain to green quality?Thirdly,what kind of implementation mechanism can ensure the effective operation of the coordination mode ?The main research content includes the following four parts.(1)Theoretical connotation: Based on the national situation and the actual situation of grain industry in China,we analyze the theoretical connotation of vertical coordination of green quality grain supply chain and propose a theoretical analysis framework.(2)Problem analysis: Through nationwide field research and online seminars,we analyze the current development of green quality grain supply chain and the real dilemma of vertical coordination of green quality grain supply chain.We collected typical cases of vertical coordination of green quality grain supply chain and extracted three vertical coordination models,namely "production +processing","reserve + processing","production + reserve + processing " coordination models.(3)Vertical coordination model and realization mechanism: First,the "production+processing" coordination model and its implementation mechanism are analyzed.The "production+processing" coordination model is the most dynamic and mainstream vertical coordination model at present,including three types.For each type of vertical coordination,a game model is constructed to analyze the degree of influence of this type on the improvement of greenness and quality of food supply chain.A comparison of the different types is also conducted.The essence of the "production + processing" coordination model is a coordination model in which grain processing enterprises respond to market demand and intervene upstream in the supply chain in order to control quality grain sources and reduce quality and quantity losses of quality grain.Its realization requires the establishment of effective demand stimulation feedback,differential gradient participation,professional division of labor and policy support guarantee mechanism.Second,the "reserve+processing" coordination model and its implementation mechanism are analyzed.The "reserve+processing" coordination model is practiced on a small scale in southern China as well as in the northern provinces with strong grain industries.Although there are various forms of practice,the essence is that grain reserve enterprises store high-quality grain for processing enterprises.Three types of vertical coordination are proposed,and the impact of each type on the greenness and quality of the grain supply chain is analyzed and compared using game model analysis.Its realization requires government policy support and relatively open business philosophy of grain reserve enterprises,flexible and close collaboration and revenue sharing between grain reserve enterprises and processing enterprises,and is essentially a mechanism driven by superior storage services.Thirdly,the "production +reserve + processing" coordination model and its implementation mechanism are analyzed on the basis of the "production + processing" and "reserve + processing" coordination models.This model is the most complex and the most difficult to coordinate.This model involves both contract farming in the coordination of production and processing,and quality grain storage in the coordination of storage and processing.The motivation,process,and results of these two types of vertical coordination are analyzed through a double case study of the Huzhou model and the Funan model.Compared with the other two models,the realization of this model requires strong government guidance and high level planning,and the establishment of effective resource factor flow,efficient synergistic operation and value-added formation mechanisms.(4)Comparison and guarantee: The three vertical coordination models are compared in terms of coordination subjects,motives,scope,conditions,effects,and realization mechanisms,and the common elements for the realization of the three coordination models are found,and the different guarantee strategies for each coordination model are proposed.Through the above study,the following conclusions are drawn:(1)The development of green and high-quality grain supply chains in China has entered a stage of steady advancement,and the number of green and high-quality grain supply chains has increased significantly,but traditional grain supply chains are still the mainstream.There is still a long way to go to promote the transformation of more traditional grain supply chains to green and high quality.(2)Three models and eight types of vertical coordination of green quality grain supply chains can effectively promote the transformation of traditional grain supply chains to green quality.three realization mechanisms provide support for the promotion and reference of vertical coordination models of green quality grain supply chains.(3)Under the "production + processing" coordination model,the higher the sensitivity of consumers to the quality of grain products,the higher the level of production quality management of quality grain.The higher the consumer’s sensitivity to the greenness of the grain supply chain,the higher the level of integrated post-production logistics services for quality grain;since the consumer’s sensitivity to the greenness of the grain supply chain is currently low,it is advisable for the government to adopt an active dual carbon regulation strategy.The "fully integrated" type has the highest degree of vertical coordination and the highest level of production quality management and integrated post-production logistics services for high-quality grain;the "cooperative + grain processing enterprise" type is in the middle,and the "cooperative + agricultural industrialization service enterprise" type is in the middle.The type of "cooperative + grain processing enterprise" is in the middle,and the type of "cooperative + agricultural industrialization service enterprise + grain processing enterprise" is the lowest.According to the model results,the "fully integrated" type should be actively promoted,but this type requires high strength for grain processing enterprises,while the other two types lower the threshold of production-plus coordination and are more favorable for small and medium-sized grain enterprises to participate.(4)Under the coordination model of "reserve + processing",the higher the sensitivity of consumers to the quality of products,the higher the level of superior grain processing enterprises.The higher the sensitivity of consumers to the greenness of the grain supply chain,the higher the level of green storage of grain reserve enterprises;as the sensitivity of consumers to the greenness of the grain supply chain is low,the government adopts active dual carbon regulation,such as promoting "green storage promotion action".The proportional rent type is more conducive to the improvement of the quality level of food supply chain products;the fixed rent and revenue sharing type are more conducive to the improvement of the green storage level of food supply chain.A closer interest linkage mechanism is more conducive to the improvement of the overall profit level of the green and high-quality grain supply chain.State-owned grain reserves should be encouraged to give full play to the advantages of superior storage resources,carry out flexible and diversified vertical coordination with grain processing enterprises,and explore a closer incentive mechanism of interest linkage.(5)Under the coordination model of “production+reserve+processing",the “Huzhou Model” has created a “chain-type” green and high-quality grain supply chain through link-driven coordination.Through regional public branding,a brand trust community is formed,which effectively promotes the value-added of the green and high-quality grain supply chain.The “Funan Model” platform-building type of coordination creates a “chain and network” green and high-quality grain supply chain.The building of a comprehensive post-production grain service platform and the construction of a grain industrial park promote the formation of a high-quality grain industry cluster,effectively adding value to the green high-quality grain supply chain.