Research On Legal Education In Medieval Universities In Western Europe

Legal education is the product of the development of human civilization to a certain stage,and its formation and development are a constantly evolving and increasingly scientific process.As is well known,Western law represents the mainstream of the development history of legal education in the world,bringing rich knowledge heritage to humanity.The training mode,teaching content,teaching methods,and degree system of modern legal education can be said to be all products of the development of legal education in medieval universities in Western Europe.Therefore,a comprehensive and systematic study of the development history about the legal education in medieval universities undoubtedly has enormous theoretical value and practical significance.This article takes the "professionalization" of legal education as the starting point,and on the basis of examining the history of the origin and development of legal education,intends to focus on answering "whether and how the legal professional education of medieval universities was formed",clarify the development process and historical impact of medieval university legal education,summarize the core elements and evolution logic of the professionalization process of medieval university legal education,and summarize the characteristics of Western legal professional education,Clarify the training path of legal education and enrich the understanding and understanding of the essential characteristics of legal education.The introduction section mainly specifies and explains the research issues and related concepts,and reviews the academic history.The first chapter traces the origin of legal education,especially the legal education of Roman law,explores the carriers of legal education during the Roman period.The fully developed ancient legal education promoted the formation and development of Roman law,providing valuable theoretical heritage and practical reference for the revival of medieval Roman law and the prosperity of legal education.Chapter 2 focuses on analyzing the social background,main process,and fruitful achievements of the revival of Roman law.In particular,the revival of Roman law brought substantive changes to the development of law through the annotation,popularization,and teaching of Roman legal literature,and also promoted the compilation,organization,research,and educational activities of Church law and Germanic law.The separation of law from theology began to form specialized and systematic independent disciplines,and gave birth to an independent class of jurists,laying an important foundation for the flourishing legal education in medieval universities and the development of law in later generations.Chapter 3 discusses the historical background of the rise about the legal education in medieval universities,as well as the establishment,development,and operational mechanisms of law schools.The operation and development of law schools vary among different types of universities.However,the birth and development of law schools provide necessary organizational guarantees for the professionalization of legal education,and from then on,there have been specialized academic research venues and teaching institutions for legal education.Chapter 4 introduces the general qualitative characteristics of professionalization of legal education,such as curriculum and textbooks,teaching models,student management,degree systems,etc.,to deconstruct the evolution of legal education in medieval universities in Western Europe,aiming to restore the development of legal education in European universities from the12 th to the 15 th century and clarify the deep clues leading to professionalization of legal education in medieval universities in Western Europe.Taking the University of Bologna,the University of Paris,and the University of Oxford as examples,this paper analyzes the main characteristics of the professionalization of legal education and the historical role played by legal education in medieval Western European universities in promoting legal specialization and professionalization.Chapter 5 focuses on the analysis of the impact of university legal education,analyzing the social characteristics of the professionalization of legal education from external dimensions such as the differentiation of legal professional classes and the strengthening of professional control,the development of legal systems,and the cultivation of the concept of rule of law,in order to explore the connection and interaction between university legal education and society,and further elucidate the historical value of medieval university legal education.Combined with the distinctive characteristics formed during the professionalization process of medieval university legal education,it can be provided reference for the reform and development of modern legal education.The emphasis on liberal arts education as the foundation of legal education in medieval universities,the clear guidance towards career development,as well as its practicality and openness,have important implications for the reform and development of modern university legal education.The conclusion section presents the main conclusions of the study.The legal education in medieval universities has begun a specialized historical process,which has basically achieved three core elements of legal professional education,including: systematization of academic research,specialization of training institutions,and standardization of educational systems.Universities have become an intermediate link in serving society with legal knowledge,and the development of the legal profession has promoted the professionalization of legal education in universities.By the end of the Middle Ages,a legal education model had already formed on the European continent,with university law schools as the basic organizational form,legal theory and the "science" of law as the learning content,and a rational and systematic analysis of legal phenomena.It had a positive and far-reaching impact on the world and evolved into the mainstream higher education model of law in modern times,becoming an important path for cultivating professional legal talents.